Ta có: 3x + y = 1 => y = 1 - 3x

a, Thay y = 1 - 3x vào M, ta có:

\(\Rightarrow M=3x^2+\left(1-3x\right)^2=3x^2+1-6x+9x^2=12x^2-6x+1=3\left(4x^2-2x+\frac{1}{3}\right)\)

\(=3\left(4x^2-2x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{12}\right)=3\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{12}=3\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\)

Vì \(\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow3\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow3\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\ge\frac{1}{4}\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-\frac{1}{2}=0\\3x+y=1\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{4}\\y=1-3x=1-3.\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{4}\)

Vậy GTNN M = 1/4 khi x = y = 1/4

b, Thay y = 1 - 3x vào N

\(\Rightarrow N=x\left(1-3x\right)=x-3x^2=-3\left(x^2-\frac{x}{3}+\frac{1}{36}-\frac{1}{36}\right)\)

\(=-3\left(x-\frac{1}{6}\right)^2-3.\left(-\frac{1}{36}\right)=-3\left(x-\frac{1}{6}\right)^2+\frac{1}{12}\)

Vì \(\left(x-\frac{1}{6}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow-3\left(x-\frac{1}{6}\right)^2\le0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow-3\left(x-\frac{1}{6}\right)^2+\frac{1}{12}\le\frac{1}{12}\forall x\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-\frac{1}{6}=0\\3x+y=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{6}\\y=1-3x=1-3.\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)

Vậy GTLN N = 1/12 khi x = 1/6 và y = 1/2

\(E=-\left(x^4+10x^2+9+6x^3+6x\right)+24\)

\(=-\left[\left(x^2+9\right)\left(x^2+1\right)+6x\left(x^2+1\right)\right]+24\)

\(=-\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+9+6x\right)+24\)

\(=-\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2+24\le24\)

\(E_{max}=24\) khi \(x=-3\)

rất tiếc em mới học lớp 6

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Đặt \(A=-2x^2-y^2-2xy+4x+2y+2\)

\(-A=2x^2+y^2+2xy-3x-2y-2\)

\(-A=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+x^2-4x-2y-2\)

\(-A=\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)+1\right]+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-4\)

\(-A=\left(x+y-1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2-4\)

Mà  \(\left(x+y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)

       \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow-A\ge-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A\le4\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\)

Vậy  \(A_{Max}=4\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;0\right)\)

Đặt  \(B=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+27\)

\(B=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+y^2+10x-22y+27\)

\(B=\left[\left(x-2y\right)^2+2\left(x-2y\right)\times5+25\right]+\)\(\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+1\)

\(B=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+1\)

Mà  \(\left(x-2y+5\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)

       \(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)

\(\Rightarrow B\ge1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)

Vậy  \(B_{Min}=1\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(-3;1\right)\)

vãi cả 2015 ạ =))