\(M_{KMnO_4}=158(g/mol)\\ \%_{K}=\dfrac{39}{158}.100\%=24,68\%\\ \%_{Mn}=\dfrac{55}{158}.100\%=34,81\%\\ \%_O=100\%-24,68\%-34,81\%=40,51\%\)

\(CaCO_3\\ \%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{40}{40+12+3.16}.100=40\%\\ \%m_C=\dfrac{12}{40+12+16.3}.100=12\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_O=100\%-\left(40\%+12\%\right)=48\%\\ H_2SO_4\\ \%m_H=\dfrac{2.1}{2.1+32+4.16}.100\approx2,041\%\\ \%m_S=\dfrac{32}{2.1+32+4.16}.100\approx32,653\%\\ \%m_O=\dfrac{4.16}{2.1+32+4.16}.100\approx65,306\%\\ Fe_2O_3\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{56.2}{56.2+16.3}.100=70\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_O=100\%-70\%=30\%\)

CaCO₃
\(\%M_{\dfrac{Ca}{CaCO_3}}=\dfrac{40}{100}.100\%=40\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{C}{CaCO_3}}=\dfrac{12}{100}.100\%=12\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{O}{CaCO_3}}=100\%-\left(40\%+12\%\right)=48\%\)
H₂SO₄
\(\%M_{\dfrac{H_2}{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{2}{98}.100\%=2,04\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{S}{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{32}{98}.100\%=32,65\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{O}{H_2SO_4}}=100\%-\left(2,04\%+32,65\%\right)=65,31\%\)
Fe₂O3
\(\%M_{\dfrac{Fe}{Fe_2O_3}}=\dfrac{112}{160}.100\%=70\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{O}{Fe_2O_3}}=100\%-70\%=30\%\)
 

\(\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{40}{164}.100=24,39\left(\%\right)\\ \%m_N=\dfrac{28}{164}.100=17,07\left(\%\right)\\ \%m_O=\dfrac{48.2}{164}.100=58,54\left(\%\right)\)

$M_{Ca(NO_3)_2} = 164$

$\%Ca = \dfrac{40}{164}.100\% = 24,39\%$
$\%N = \dfrac{14.2}{164}.100\% = 17,07\%$

$\%O = 100% -24,39\% -17,07\% = 58,54%%

\(CaO:\%^MCa=\dfrac{40}{40+16}\cdot100\%=71,43\%\\ \%^MO=100\%-71,43\%=28,57\%\)

\(MgCO_3:\%^MMg=\dfrac{24}{24+12+16\cdot3}\cdot100\%=28,57\%\\ \%^MC=\dfrac{12}{24+12+16\cdot3}\cdot100\%=14,29\%\\ \%^MO=100\%-28,57\%-14,29\%=57,14\%\)

\(NaOH:\%^MNa=\dfrac{23}{23+16+1}\cdot100\%=57,5\%\\ \%^MO=\dfrac{16}{23+16+1}\cdot100\%=40\%\\ \%^MH=100\%-57,5\%-40\%=2,5\%\)

\(M_{K_2SO_4}=39.2+32+16.4=174(g/mol)\\ \%_K=\dfrac{39.2}{174}.100\%=44,83\%\\ \%_S=\dfrac{32}{174}.100\%=18,39\%\\ \%_O=100\%-44,83\%-18,39\%=36,78\%\)

\(\%K=\dfrac{39.2}{174}.100\%=44,8\%\)

\(\%S=\dfrac{32}{174}.100\%=18,4\%\)

\(\%O=100\%-44,8\%-18,4\%=36,8\%\)

\(M_{Fe_3O_4}=56.3+16.4=232\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

\(\%Fe=\dfrac{56.3}{232}.100\%=72,4\%\)

\(\%O=\dfrac{16.4}{232}.100\%=27,862\%\)

tìm công thức hóa học của hợp chất có thàn phần các nguyên tố như sau:55,189%K; 14,623%P và còn lại là oxi.Biết 0,05 mol hợp chất có khối lượng là 10,6 gam

\(\%_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{146}.100\%=16,4\%\)

\(\%_H=\dfrac{1.2}{146}.100\%=1,4\%\)

\(\%_C=\dfrac{12.2}{146}.100\%=16,4\%\)

\(\%_O=100\%-16,4\%-1,4\%-16,4\%=65,8\%\)

Câu 1:

a) Al₂O₃:

Phần trăm Al trong Al₂O₃:   \(\%Al=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+16.3}.100=52,94\%\)

Phần trăm O trong Al₂O₃:   \(\%O=100-52,94=47,06\%\)

b) C₆H₁₂O:

Phần trăm C trong  C₆H₁₂O:  \(\%C=\dfrac{12.6}{12.6+12+16}.100=72\%\)

Phần trăm H trong  C₆H₁₂O:  \(\%H=\dfrac{1.12}{12.6+12+16}.100=12\%\)

Phần trăm O trong  C₆H₁₂O :  \(\%O=100-72-12=16\%\)

Câu 2: 

\(m_H=\dfrac{5,88.34}{100}\approx2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_S=\dfrac{94,12.34}{100}=32\left(g\right)\)

\(n_H=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2}{1}=2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_S=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{32}{32}=1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ CTHH của hợp chất:  H₂S