+A>0

+ Ta có \(\frac{1}{n^2}<\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\) với n >1

\(A<\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2014}=\frac{503}{1007}<1\)

=>   0<A<1 => [A] =0

Ta có:

\(\frac{2014}{1}+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+..+\frac{2}{2013}+\frac{1}{2014}\)

\(=\left(\frac{2013}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2012}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{2}{2013}+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2014}+1\right)+1\)

\(=\frac{2015}{2}+\frac{2015}{3}+...+\frac{2015}{2013}+\frac{2015}{2014}+\frac{2015}{2015}\)

\(=2015\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2013}+\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}\right)\)

Do đó:   \(A=\frac{2015\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2013}+\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}}=2015\)

A=2015

Cần cách làm thì tích nha

Xét mẫu số của A :

\(\frac{2013}{1}+\frac{2012}{2}+\frac{2011}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2013}\) \(=\left(1+1+1+...+1\right)+\frac{2012}{2}+\frac{2011}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2013}\)

\(=\left(\frac{2012}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2011}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2013}+1\right)+1\)\(=\frac{2014}{2}+\frac{2014}{3}+...+\frac{2014}{2013}+\frac{2014}{2014}\)\(=2014.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2013}+\frac{1}{2014}\right)\)

Mẫu số gấp 2014 lần tử số nên A = \(\frac{1}{2014}\)

Xét bài toán phụ sau:

Nếu \(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}=\left|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right|\)  \(\left(a,b,c\ne0\right)\)

Thật vậy

Ta có: \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2-2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2-2\cdot\frac{a+b+c}{abc}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2-2\cdot\frac{0}{abc}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}=\left|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right|\)

Bài toán được chứng minh

Quay trở lại, ta sẽ áp dụng bài toán phụ vào bài chính:

Ta có: \(P=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{5^2}}+...+\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{779^2}+\frac{1}{801^2}}\)

Vì \(2+1+\left(-3\right)=0\) nên:

\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{\left(-3\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}+1-\frac{1}{3}\)

Tương tự ta tính được:

\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{5^2}}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}\) ; ... ; \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{799^2}+\frac{1}{801^2}}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{799}-\frac{1}{801}\)

\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{1}{2}+1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{799}-\frac{1}{801}\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot400+\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{799}-\frac{1}{801}\right)\)

\(=200+\frac{800}{801}=\frac{161000}{801}=\frac{a}{b}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=161000\\b=801\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow Q=161000-801\cdot200=800\)