Điện trở đèn 1: \(R_1=\dfrac{U_1^2}{_1}=\dfrac{220^2}{100}=484\left(\Omega\right)\)

Điện trở đèn 2: \(R_2=\dfrac{U_2^2}{P_2}=\dfrac{220^2}{60}=\dfrac{2420}{3}\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_{tđ}=R_1+R_2=484+\dfrac{2420}{3}=\dfrac{3872}{3}\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(I=I_1=I_2=\dfrac{U}{R_{tđ}}=\dfrac{220}{\dfrac{3872}{3}}=\dfrac{15}{88}\left(A\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}P_1=I^2.R_1=\left(\dfrac{15}{88}\right)^2.484=14,0625\left(W\right)\\P_2=I^2.R_2=\left(\dfrac{15}{88}\right)^2.\dfrac{2420}{3}=23,4375\left(W\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}I1=P1:U1=100:220=\dfrac{5}{11}A\\I2=P2:U2=40:220=\dfrac{2}{11}A\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(P1>P2\Rightarrow\) đèn 1 sáng hơn.

\(A=UIt=220.\left(\dfrac{5}{11}+\dfrac{2}{11}\right).2=280\)(Wh) = 0,28(kWh)

Điện năng tiêu thụ của đèn trong một giờ:

A = P.t = 100W.1h = 100W.h = 100W.3600 = 360000 J

a. \(P=P1+P2=100+75=175\left(W\right)\)

\(I=I1+I2=\left(\dfrac{P1}{U1}\right)+\left(\dfrac{P2}{U2}\right)=\left(\dfrac{100}{220}\right)+\left(\dfrac{75}{220}\right)=\dfrac{35}{44}\left(A\right)\)(R1//R2)

b. \(I=I1=I2=\dfrac{U}{R}=\dfrac{220}{\left(\dfrac{220^2}{100}\right)+\left(\dfrac{220^2}{75}\right)}=\dfrac{15}{77}A\left(R1ntR2\right)\)

 \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}U1=I1.R1=\dfrac{15}{77}.\left(\dfrac{U1^2}{P1}\right)=\dfrac{15}{77}.\left(\dfrac{220^2}{100}\right)=\dfrac{660}{7}V\\U2=I2.R2=\dfrac{15}{77}.\left(\dfrac{U2^2}{P2}\right)=\dfrac{15}{77}.\left(\dfrac{220^2}{75}\right)=\dfrac{880}{7}V\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(P_{nt}=U_{nt}.I_{nt}=220.\dfrac{15}{77}=\dfrac{300}{7}\left(W\right)\)

a. \(p_1< p_2\left(60< 100\right)\). Vậy đèn 2 sáng hơn.

b. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}R1=U1^2:P1=220^2:60\approx806,7\Omega\\R2=U2^2:P2=220^2:100=484\Omega\end{matrix}\right.\)

c. \(R=\dfrac{R1\cdot R2}{R1+R2}=\dfrac{806,7\cdot484}{806,7+484}\approx302,5\Omega\)

d. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}I1=P1:U1=60:220=\dfrac{3}{11}A\\I2=P2:U2=100:220=\dfrac{5}{11}A\end{matrix}\right.\)

e. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Q_{toa1}=A_1=U1\cdot I1\cdot t=220\cdot\dfrac{3}{11}\cdot10\cdot60=36000\left(J\right)\\Q_{toa2}=A_2=U2\cdot I2\cdot t=220\cdot\dfrac{5}{11}\cdot10\cdot60=60000\left(J\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

f. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}A1'=UI\cdot I1\cdot t=220\cdot\dfrac{3}{11}\cdot4=240\\A2'=U2\cdot I2\cdot t=220\cdot\dfrac{5}{11}\cdot4=400\end{matrix}\right.\)(W)

g. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}T1=A1'\cdot80=\left(240:1000\right)\cdot80=19,2\left(dong\right)\\T2=A2'\cdot80=\left(400:1000\right)\cdot80=32\left(dong\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(T=T1+T2=19,2+32=51,2\left(dong\right)\)

Chọn đáp án C.

Khi các đèn sáng bình thường:

P = U I = U 2 R ⇒ R = U 2 P ⇒ R 2 R 1 = P 1 P 2 = 100 25 = 4

Khi mắc nối tiếp,dòng điện như nhau và

P = I 2 R → R 2 = 4 R 1 P 2 = 4 P 1