1/  196

2/  5/4

3/  1/3

a) \(6xy+4x-9y-7=0\)

  \(\Leftrightarrow2x.\left(3y+2\right)-9y-6-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x.\left(3y+x\right)-3.\left(3y+2\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right).\left(3y+2\right)=1\)

Mà \(x,y\in Z\Rightarrow2x-3;3y+2\in Z\)

Tự làm típ

\(A=x^3+y^3+xy\)

\(A=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+xy\)

\(A=x^2-xy+y^2+xy\)( vì \(x+y=1\))

\(A=x^2+y^2\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunhiakovxky ta có :

\(\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x\cdot1+y\cdot1\right)^2=\left(x+y\right)^2=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\frac{1}{2}\)

Hay \(x^3+y^3+xy\ge\frac{1}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)

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có: \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy}=\dfrac{1}{1-2xy}\)(1)

có \(\dfrac{1}{xy}=\dfrac{2}{2xy}\left(2\right)\)

từ(1)(2)=>A=\(\dfrac{1}{1-2xy}+\dfrac{2}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{1}=\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2\)

=>Min A=(1+\(\sqrt{2}\))^2

b, ta có : \(x+y=1=>2x+2y=2\)

\(B=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{3}{4xy}=\dfrac{4}{4x^2+4y^2}+\dfrac{6}{8xy}\)\(\ge\dfrac{\left(2+\sqrt{6}\right)^2}{\left(2x+2y\right)^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(2+\sqrt{6}\right)^2}{2^2}=\dfrac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{2}\)=>\(B\ge\dfrac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{2}\)

=>\(MinB=\dfrac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{2}\)

1. \(\frac{-17}{21}:\left(\frac{5}{4}-\frac{2}{5}\right)< x+\frac{4}{7}< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\)

\(-\frac{17}{21}:\frac{17}{20}< x+\frac{4}{7}< \frac{7}{12}\)

\(-\frac{20}{21}< x+\frac{4}{7}< \frac{7}{12}\)

\(-\frac{80}{84}< \frac{84x+48}{84}< \frac{49}{84}\)

\(-80< 84x+48< 49\)

\(\begin{cases}-80< 84x+48\\84x+48< 49\end{cases}\) 

\(\begin{cases}84x>-128\\84x< 1\end{cases}\)

\(\begin{cases}x>-\frac{32}{21}\\x< \frac{1}{84}\end{cases}\)

\(\Rightarrow-\frac{32}{21}< x< \frac{1}{84}\)

\(-\frac{17}{21}\div\left(\frac{5}{4}-\frac{2}{5}\right)< x+\frac{4}{7}< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\)

\(-\frac{20}{21}< x+\frac{4}{7}< \frac{7}{12}\)

\(-\frac{32}{21}< x< \frac{1}{84}\)

\(-1^{11}_{21}< x< \frac{1}{84}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-1;0\right\}\)

Vậy x = 0

\(\frac{4}{3}\times1,25\times\left(\frac{16}{5}-\frac{5}{16}\right)< 2x< 4-\frac{4}{3}+3-\frac{3}{2}+2\)

\(\frac{77}{16}< 2x< \frac{37}{6}\)

\(\frac{77}{32}< x< \frac{37}{12}\)

\(2^{13}_{32}< x< 3^1_{12}\)

=> x = 3

2. \(\frac{4}{3}.1,25\left(\frac{16}{5}-\frac{5}{16}\right)< 2x< 4-\frac{4}{3}+3-\frac{3}{2}+2\)

\(\frac{16}{15}.\frac{231}{80}< 2x< \frac{37}{6}\)

\(\frac{77}{25}< 2x< \frac{37}{6}\)

\(\begin{cases}\frac{77}{25}< 2x\\2x< \frac{37}{6}\end{cases}\)

\(\begin{cases}2x>\frac{77}{25}\\x< \frac{37}{12}\end{cases}\)

\(\begin{cases}x>\frac{77}{50}\\x< \frac{37}{12}\end{cases}\)

\(\frac{77}{50}< x< \frac{37}{12}\)

\(x^2+y^2=x+y\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-x+y^2-y=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ A=x+y=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+1\)

Áp dụng Bunhiacopski:

\(\left[\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\right]^2\le\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]=2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow A\le1+1=2\)\(A_{max}=2\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)

\(x^2+y^2\ge0\Rightarrow x+y=x^2+y^2\ge0\)

\(A_{min}=0\) khi \(x=y=0\)

Cách tìm max khác:

Ta có:

$(x-1)^2\geq 0, \forall x\in\mathbb{R}$

$\Rightarrow x^2+1\geq 2x$

Tương tự: $y^2+1\geq 2y$

$\Rightarrow 2(x+y)\leq x^2+y^2+2=x+y+2$

$\Rightarrow x+y\leq 2$ hay $A\leq 2$
Vậy $A_{\max}=2$ khi $x=y=1$