2Al + 6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂ (1)
Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl₂ + H₂ (2)
Giả sử khối lượng của dung dịch là 100g
=> m_HCl = 7,3g => n_HCl = \(\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{m_{FeCl2}}{100}.100=3,093\) => m_FeCl2 = 3,093 (g)
=> nFeCl2 = \(\dfrac{3,093}{127}=0,02\)(mol)
Theo PT(2): n_HCl = 2n_FeCl2 = 0,04 (mol)
=> nHCl(1) = 0,2-0,04=0,16 (mol)
Theo PT(1): nAlCl3 = \(\dfrac{0,16}{3}\) (mol)
=> mAlCl3 =\(\dfrac{0,16}{3}\).133,5=7,12(g) 
=> C%AlCl3 = \(\dfrac{7,12}{100}\).100=7,12%
 

\(a)2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ b)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25mol\\ n_{Al}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+b=0,25\\27a+56b=8,3\end{matrix}\right.\\ a=\dfrac{19}{470};b=\dfrac{121}{940}\\ \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot27}{8,3}\cdot100=13,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=100-13,15=86,85\%\\ c)n_{HCl}=3\cdot\dfrac{19}{470}+2\cdot\dfrac{121}{940}=\dfrac{89}{235}mol\\ m_{ddHCl=}=\dfrac{\dfrac{89}{235}\cdot36,5}{7,3}\cdot100=189g\\ d)n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=\dfrac{19}{470}mol\\ n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{121}{940}mol\)

\(m_{dd}=8,3+189-0,25.2=196,8g\\ C_{\%AlCl_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot133,8}{196,8}\cdot100=2,8\%\\ C_{\%FeCl_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{121}{940}127}{196,8}\cdot100=8,3\%\)

a)

$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$FeO +2 HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2O$

b)

Theo PTHH : 

$n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2(mol)$

$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{20}.100\% = 56\%$

$\%m_{FeO} = 100\% - 56\% = 44\%$

c) $n_{FeO} = \dfrac{11}{90}(mol)$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Fe} + 2n_{FeO} = \dfrac{29}{45}(mol)$

$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{ \dfrac{29}{45}.36,5}{7,3\%} = 322,22(gam)$

E xem lại đề 

a) 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{100.7,3}{100.36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

____\(\dfrac{1}{15}\)<---0,2------->\(\dfrac{1}{15}\)

=> \(m_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{15}.27=1,8\left(g\right)\)

c) \(m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{15}.133,5=8,9\left(g\right)\)

2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

1/15    0.2       1/15

mct HCl = 7.3% × 100 = 7.3 g => nHCl = 0.2mol

mAl = 1/15 × 27 = 1.8g

mAlCl3 = 1 15 × 133.5 = 8.9 g

Đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=n_{Fe}\left(mol\right)\\y=n_{Al}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\sum m_{hh}=11\left(g\right)\Rightarrow56x+27y=11\left(1\right)\)

\(PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\\ \left(mol\right)....x\rightarrow..2x........x......x\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\\ \left(mol\right)....y\rightarrow..3y.........y......1,5y\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,4\left(2\right)\)

\(\xrightarrow[\left(2\right)]{\left(1\right)}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{56.0,1}{11}=51\%\)

\(\rightarrow\%m_{Al}=49\%\)

b) \(\sum m_{ctHCl}=\left(2.0,1+3.0,2\right).36,5=29,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{29,2.100\%}{10\%}=292\left(g\right)\)

c) \(m_{H_2\uparrow}=\left(1.0,1+1,5.0,2\right).2=0,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddsaupu}=m_{hh}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2\uparrow}=11+292-0,8=302,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{302,2}.100=4,2\%\\ C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.133,5}{302,2}.100=8,8\%\)

Đặt: {x=nFe(mol)y=nAl(mol){x=nFe(mol)y=nAl(mol)

∑mhh=11(g)⇒56x+27y=11(1)∑mhh=11(g)⇒56x+27y=11(1)

%mFe=56.0,111=51%%mFe=56.0,111=51%

→%mAl=49%→%mAl=49%

b) ∑mctHCl=(2.0,1+3.0,2).36,5=29,2(g)∑mctHCl=(2.0,1+3.0,2).36,5=29,2(g)

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)

        1          2            1           1

       0,2       0,4         0,2         0,2

      \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O|\)

          1            6               2              3

         0,2         1,2            0,4

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe2O3}=27,2-11,2=16\left(g\right)\)

⁰/₀Fe = \(\dfrac{11,2.100}{27,2}=41,18\)⁰/₀

⁰/₀Fe₂O₃ = \(\dfrac{16.100}{27,2}=58,82\)⁰/₀

b) Có : \(m_{Fe2O3}=16\left(g\right)\)

 \(n_{Fe2O3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,4+1,2=1,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{1,6}{2}=0,8\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

   \(n_{FeCl3}=\dfrac{1,2.2}{6}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

  \(C_{M_{FeCl2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,8}=0,25\left(M\right)\)

  \(C_{M_{FeCl3}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,8}=0,5\left(M\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt