Đặt \(x=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{bc}}\) ; \(y=\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{ca}}\) ; \(z=\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{ab}}\)

\(\Rightarrow a=\dfrac{1}{yz}\) ; \(b=\dfrac{1}{zx}\) ; \(c=\dfrac{1}{xy}\)

\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)

Khi đó, tồn tại một tam giác ABC sao cho:

\(x=tan\dfrac{A}{2}\) ; \(y=tan\dfrac{B}{2}\) ; \(z=tan\dfrac{C}{2}\)

Thay vào bài toán:

\(A=\dfrac{x^2}{1+x^2}+\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{y^2}{1+y^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{1+z^2}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{tan^2\dfrac{A}{2}}{1+tan^2\dfrac{A}{2}}+\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{tan^2\dfrac{B}{2}}{1+tan^2\dfrac{B}{2}}+\dfrac{tan^2\dfrac{C}{2}}{1+tan^2\dfrac{C}{2}}\right)\)

\(=sin^2\dfrac{A}{2}+\sqrt{3}\left(sin^2\dfrac{B}{2}+sin^2\dfrac{C}{2}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}cosA+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(2-cosB-cosC\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1+2\sqrt{3}}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(cosA+\sqrt{3}cosB+\sqrt{3}cosC\right)\)

Xét \(B=cosA+\sqrt{3}\left(cosB+cosC\right)=cosA+2\sqrt{3}cos\dfrac{B+C}{2}cos\dfrac{B-C}{2}\)

\(\le cosA+2\sqrt{3}cos\dfrac{B+C}{2}=-2sin^2\dfrac{A}{2}+2\sqrt{3}sin\dfrac{A}{2}+1\)

Xét hàm \(f\left(t\right)=-2t^2+2\sqrt{3}sint+1\) với \(t\in\left(0;1\right)\)

\(f'\left(t\right)=-4t+2\sqrt{3}=0\Rightarrow t=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)

\(f\left(0\right)=1\) ; \(f\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)=\dfrac{5}{2}\) ; \(f\left(1\right)=2\sqrt{3}-1\)

\(\Rightarrow B_{max}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{1+2\sqrt{3}}{2}-\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{4\sqrt{3}-3}{4}\)

Ta có : a + bc = a ( a + b + c ) + bc = ( a + c ) ( a + b )

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với :

\(\frac{a\left(a+b+c\right)-bc}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{b\left(a+b+c\right)-ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}+\frac{c\left(a+b+c\right)-ab}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}\le\frac{3}{2}\)

\(\left(a^2+ab+ac-bc\right)\left(b+c\right)+\left(ab+b^2+bc-ac\right)\left(a+c\right)+\left(ac+bc+c^2-ab\right)\left(a+b\right)\le\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)

khai triển ra , ta được :

\(a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+a^2c+ac^2+6abc\le\frac{3}{2}\left(a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+a^2c+ac^2\right)+3abc\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{-1}{2}\left(a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+a^2c+ac^2\right)\le-3abc\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+a^2c+ac^2\ge6abc\)( nhân với -2 thì đổi dấu )

\(\Rightarrow b\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+a\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+c\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow b\left(a-c\right)^2+a\left(b-c\right)^2+c\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)     

vì BĐT cuối luôn đúng nên BĐT lúc đầu đúng

Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

Ta có A=\(\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-abc\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)

=\(2\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}-\frac{ab}{c}-\frac{bc}{a}-\frac{ca}{b}=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(A=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+3ab\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab\right]+6a^2b^2=a^2-ab+b^2+3ab\left(1-2ab\right)+6a^2b^2\)

=\(\left(a+b\right)^2-3ab+3ab-6a^2b^2+6a^2b^2=1\)

2) Ta có \(A=\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)=abc-ab-bc-ca+a+b+c-1=0\)

bài 3 : Ta có \(A=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-36xy=12\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-36xy=12\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=12\left(x-y\right)^2=12.12^2=1728\)

`(a+b+c)^2=3(ab+bc+ca)`

`<=>a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3(ab+bc+ca)`

`<=>a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca`

`<=>2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ca`

`<=>(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2=0`

`VT>=0`

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `a=b=c`

`a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc`

`<=>a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0`

`<=>(a+b)^3+c^3-3abc-3ab(a+b)=0`

`<=>(a+b)^3+c^3-3ab(a+b+c)=0`

`<=>(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca)=0`

`**a+b+c=0`

`**a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca`

`<=>a=b=c`