\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Mg\\Zn\\Fe\end{matrix}\right.+H_2SO_4\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}MgSO_4\\ZnSO_4\\FeSO_4\end{matrix}\right.+H_2\uparrow\)

\(m_{SO_4}=86,8-29=57,8\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{SO_4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow b=V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=a(mol)\\ BTKL:\\ m_{hh}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{muối}+m_{H_2}\\ 29+98.a=86,6+2.a\\ \to a=0,6(mol)\\ V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44(l)\)

a) Sửa đề: dd H₂SO₄ 9,8%

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=0,35\cdot2=0,7\left(g\right)\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,35\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,35\cdot98}{9,8\%}=350\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{H_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=361,6\left(g\right)\)

b) Tương tự câu a

Đáp án B

Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,5\cdot2=1\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\cdot98=49\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bảo toàn khối lượng: \(m_{muối}=m_{KL}+m_{H_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=68,2\left(g\right)\)

\(Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2\\ Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2\\ n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{11,2}{22,4} = 0,5(mol)\\ m_{muối} = m_{hh} + m_{H_2SO_4} - m_{H_2} = 20,2 + 0,5.98 - 0,5.2 = 68,2(gam)\)

\(n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+H_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=a+1.5b=0.4\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(m_{Muối}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{AlCl_3}=136a+133.5b=40.3\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.2\)

\(m_{hh}=0.1\cdot65+0.2\cdot27=11.9\left(g\right)\)

\(\%Zn=\dfrac{0.1\cdot65}{11.9}\cdot100\%=54.62\%\)

\(\%Al=100-54.62=45.38\%\)

a) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(\text{Đ}K:a,b>0\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + H₂SO₄ ---> ZnSO₄ + H₂ 

           a------>a---------->a----------->a

           2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂ 

           b----->1,5b--------->0,5b------->1,5a

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+27b=20,3\\161b+0,5a.342=65,9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,25\\b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(V=V_{H_2}=\left(0,25+0,15.1,5\right).22,4=10,64\left(l\right)\)

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,25.65}{20,3}.100\%=80,05\%\\\%m_{Al}=100\%-80,05\%=19,95\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(m_{\text{dd}H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,25+1,5.0,15\right).98}{10\%}=465,5\left(g\right)\)