\(\)1.

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13.44}{22.4}=0.6\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)

\(0.8........0.6..........0.4\)

\(m_{Al}=0.8\cdot27=21.6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0.4\cdot102=40.8\left(g\right)\)

\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

\(1.2..................................................0.6\)

\(m_{KMnO_4}=1.2\cdot158=189.6\left(g\right)\)

2.

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{28}{22.4}=1.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2P_2O_5\)

\(1......1.25........0.5\)

\(m_P=1\cdot31=31\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{P_2O_5}=0.5\cdot142=71\left(g\right)\)

\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2KCl+3O_2\)

\(\dfrac{5}{6}................1.25\)

\(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{5}{6}\cdot122.5=102.083\left(g\right)\)

3)

$m_{CaCO_3} = 200.90\% = 180(gam)$
$CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2$
$n_{CO_2} = n_{CaO} = \dfrac{180}{100} =  = 1,8(mol)$
$m_{CaO} = 1,8.56 = 100,8(gam)$
$V_{CO_2} = 1,8.22,4 = 40,32(lít)$

4)

$CaC_2 + 2H_2O \to Ca(OH)_2 + C_2H_2$
$m_{CaC_2} = 80.80\% = 64(gam)$
$n_{Ca(OH)_2} = n_{C_2H_2} = n_{CaC_2} = \dfrac{64}{64} = 1(mol)$
$m_{Ca(OH)_2} = 1,74 = 74(gam)$
$V_{C_2H_2} = 1.22,4 = 22,4(lít)$

a.\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{m_{KMnO_4}}{M_{KMnO_4}}=\dfrac{3,16}{158}=0,02mol\)

\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

0,02                                                       0,01 ( mol )

\(V_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,01.22,4=0,224l\)

b.

\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)

1/75   0,01              1/150   ( mol )

\(m_{Al}=n_{Al}.M_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{75}.27=0,36g\)

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=n_{Al_2O_3}.M_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{150}.102=0,68g\)

2KMnO4-to>K2MnO4+MnO2+O2

0,02-------------------------------------0,01

4Al+3O2-to->2Al2O3

\(\dfrac{1}{75}\)---0,01---------\(\dfrac{1}{150}\)

n KMnO4=\(\dfrac{3,16}{158}\)=0,02 mol

=>VO2=0,01.22,4=0,224 l

b)m Al=\(\dfrac{1}{75}\).27=0,36g

=>m Al2O3=\(\dfrac{1}{150}\)102=0,68g

a.\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{30,6}{102}=0,3mol\)

\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)

 0,6     0,45           0,3                ( mol )

\(m_{Al}=0,6.27=16,2g\)

\(V_{O_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08l\)

\(V_{kk}=10,08.5=50,4l\)

b.\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o,MnO_2\right)2KCl+3O_2\)

       0,3                                           0,45 ( mol )

\(m_{KClO_3}=0,3.122,5=36,75g\)

c.\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o,MnO_2\right)2KCl+3O_2\)

       0,3                                           0,45  ( mol )

\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{0,3}{75\%}=0,4mol\)

\(m_{KClO_3}=0,4.122,5=49g\)

a,\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{2,32}{232}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 3Fe + 2O₂ --t^o--> Fe₃O₄

            0,03<--0,02<-------0,01

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,03.56=1,68\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=0,02.32=0,64\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, PTHH: 2KMnO₄ --t^o--> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂

                  0,04<-----------------------------------0,02

\(m_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{0,04.158}{85\%}=7,435\left(g\right)\)

nAl=16,2/27= 0,6(mol)

a) PTHH: 4 Al +3 O2 -to-> 2 Al2O3

nO2= 3/4 . nAl=3/4 . 0,6= 0,45(mol)

=> V(O2,đktc)=0,45 x 22,4=10,08(l)

b) nAl2O3= nAl/2=0,6/2=0,3(mol)

=>mAl2O3=102. 0,3= 30,6(g)

c) 2KMnO4 -to-> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2

nKMnO4= 2.nO2=2. 0,45=0,9(mol)

=>mKMnO4= 158 x 0,9= 142,2(g)

Bạn tách ra từng câu nhé!

Bài 3.

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_{Fe}}{M_{Fe}}=\dfrac{36}{56}=0,6428mol\)

\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)

0,6428 ----- 0,4285           ( mol )

\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

0,857                                                      0,4285    ( mol )

\(m_{KMnO_4}=n_{KMnO_4}.M_{KMnO_4}=0,857.158=135,406g\)

Bài 4.

a.\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{m_{Al_2O_3}}{M_{Al_2O_3}}=\dfrac{51}{102}=0,5mol\)

\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)

  1       0,75            0,5     ( mol )

\(m_{Al}=n_{Al}.M_{Al}=1.27=27g\)

\(V_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,75.22,4=16,8l\)

b.\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

       1,5                                                      0,75   ( mol )

\(m_{KMnO_4}=n_{KMnO_4}.M_{KMnO_4}=1,5.158=237g\)

\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\)

  0,5                                0,75   ( mol )

\(m_{KClO_3}=n_{KClO_3}.M_{KClO_3}=0,5.122,5=61,25g\)

Bài 5.

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{m_{Mg}}{M_{Mg}}=\dfrac{14,4}{24}=0,6mol\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)

\(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2MgO\)

0,6 <   0,2                         ( mol )

0,4      0,2               0,2      ( mol )

\(m_{MgO}=n_{MgO}.M_{MgO}=0,2.40=8g\)

Bài 6.

\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{m_{Cu}}{M_{Cu}}=\dfrac{12,8}{64}=0,2mol\)

\(2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\)

 0,2     0,1            0,2  ( mol )

\(V_{kk}=V_{O_2}.5=\left(0,1.22,4\right).5=2,24.5=11,2l\)

\(m_{CuO}=n_{CuO}.M_{CuO}=0,2.80=16g\)

a. \(m_{Al}+m_{O_2}=m_{Al_2O_3}\)

b. Theo câu a, ta có:

\(m_{O_2}=m_{Al_2O_3}-m_{Al}=20,4-10,8=9,6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:
\(2KMnO_4\xrightarrow[]{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\ 2H_2+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2H_2O\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=2.\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,2.158=31,6\left(g\right)\)