I.       Fill in the blank with one suitable word.          

Tom Cruise is one of the (1) ………………… successful actors in cinema history. However, his life hasn’t always been that easy for him. As a young boy, Tom was shy and had (2) ………………… in finding friends, although he really enjoyed (3) ………………… part in school plays. After he had finished High School, Tom went to New York to (4) ………………… for work. He found employment as a porter, and at the (5) ………………… time, he attended drama classes. In 1980, the film director Franco Zeffirelli offered Tom his first (6) ………………… in a film. Ten years later, he had become (7) ………………… successful that he was one of the highest-paid actors in Hollywood, earning millions of dollars (8) ………………… each film. Today, Tom still (9) ………………… in films and is as popular as ever with his thousands of fans from (10) ………………… around the world.

• For questions (1 - 8), read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).

                                                                                                      BLUE DIAMONDS

  Blue diamonds are the world’s most expensive diamonds, with some valued (0) ...... AT....... over 350 million US dollars. However, no one knew (1) ............... recently precisely where these rare stones came from.

  Most diamonds are formed from pure carbon under extreme heat 150 to 200 kilometers underground, and (2) ............... is thought that volcanic eruptions bring them to the earth’s surface. Research by scientists has revealed, however, that blue diamonds were probably formed somewhere (3) ............... 600 and 800 kilometers down, in a part of the earth’s interior known (4) ............... the lower mantle.

  These researchers analyzed 46 blue diamonds, all of (5) .............. contained minerals only found in the lower mantle. (6) .............. only were these stones formed four times nearer the earth’s core (7) ............... normal diamonds, but they also contain an element called boron that is mostly found on the earth’s surface. What seems to have happened, (8) ............... to the researchers, is that billions of years ago, rocks containing boron were carried down into the lower mantle by movements of the earth’s tectonic plates, and were eventually returned to the surface by volcanic action.

• For questions 9 – 16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).

                                                                                                 A HISTORY OF SURFING

The history of surfing undoubtedly goes (0) BACK a long way. It seems to (9) .......... formed a central part of the culture of the Polynesian people, who were inhabitants of islands in the Pacific Ocean (10) .......... as Samoa, Tonga, and Hawaii. These people did not regard surfing (11) .......... a mere recreational activity. For them, it was much (12) .......... of an art. Although surfing disappeared from many parts of Polynesia in (13) .......... early twentieth century, a small number of people in Hawaii kept the tradition alive. In 1912, it spread to the east coast of the United States, and in particular to Virginia Beach, (14) .......... became an important surfing center. Surfing developed quite rapidly from then on, and the design of surfboards became more sophisticated. However, (15) .......... was not until the 1960s that surfing came to be a truly global phenomenon, boosted not only by the success of surfing films (16) .......... also by pop songs about surfing culture.

• For questions 1 - 8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).

      Founded in 1972, the Veuve Clicquot Business Woman Award is celebrated in 27 countries. Veuve Clicquot has now introduced a new award (0) ___TO___ complement its Business Woman of the Year category. Called The New Generation Award, (1) __________ recognizes the best young female talent across the business and corporate life. The first winner of the award, Kathryn Parsons, (2) __________ innovative start-up company, Decoded, teaches people to code in a day, has joined the judging panel to help find this year’s winner. ‘The importance of these awards cannot (3) __________ overestimated,’ she says. ‘Women need role models that prove to (4) __________ that they can do it, too.’ The New Generation Award is open to entrepreneurial businesswomen (5) __________ the ages of 25 and 35. They can run (6) __________ own businesses or hail from corporate life. ‘This award isn’t about how much money you’ve made or how long you’ve been in business, it’s about recognizing young women (7) __________ a mission and a vision,’ says Parsons. ‘We want to meet women who are working to (8) __________ the world a better place.’

Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only ONE word in
each gap. 
The destruction of the rainforests is a pressing problem of our times (61) _______ not one that is
regarded equally seriously by everyone. The more affluent nations regard the issue as (62) _______ of
preservation; deforestation must stop. When it comes to the poorer countries, the issue is not so cut and dried.
(63) _______ these people, the rainforests represent a source of economic prosperity, a point that obviously
takes precedence over ecological concern. A solution must be found before the damage caused by the
deforestation that is destroying the rainforests becomes irrevocable.
Deforestation is carried out by (64) _______ involved in the timber industry and also by migrant
farmers. The latter occupy an area of land, strip it, farm it (65) _______ its natural mineral supply is used up
and then move on. The land is left useless and exposed and a process of erosion comes into effect, washing
soil into rivers thereby killing fish and blocking the water’s natural course.
The land is not the (66) _______victim. Rainforests are a richly populated habitat. In the rainforests
of Madagascar there are at (67) _______150,000 individual species of plants and animals which are found
nowhere (68) _______ in the world, and more are being discovered all the time . Furthermore, approximately
50% of all endangered animal species live in the world’s rainforests. The destruction of the forests effectively
represents a complete removal of all these plants and animals. Deprived (69) _______ their natural
environments, they will disappear altogether. Again, this process is irreversible. Man, no (70) _______ how
powerful he considers himself, does not have the power to re-establish the species he is so wilfully
destroying.

Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each space. English has developed as a (1) ______ language for a range of reasons, many of them historical, rather (2)_______ anything intrinsic in the language itself. The enormous irregularities in the English (3)________ of spelling, for example, may often be seen by a newcomer as a disincentive. Miliions, however, are undeterred. One of the strongest incentives for learning the (4)________ is the use to which it can immediately be put, socially, economically and culturally From education and the creative economy to IT and advanced engineering, industries in the UK (5)________ hugely from using the English language. But it also helps economies overseas to prosper. English language (6)_________ provide life-changing oppotunities, and promote prosperity and security around the world. Research in countries in the Middle East (7)_______ North Africa suggests that the need to the scope of domestic industry and also attract more inward investment (8) ________ multinationals is fuelling the fast-growing (9)________ for improved English education. It is also clear that reducing unemployment as a means of securing political stability (10) ________ an imperative for many of these countries.

Read the text and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in each space.

THE ORIGINS OF CHESS
A great (9) .................................... has been written about
the origins of modern chess, and there is still considerable debate
about the subject. (10) .................................... theory most
widely accepted is that its earliest ancestor was Shaturanga, a game
played in India from around AD 600. (11) .................................
with modern chess, Shaturanga was played on a board with 64 squares.
Pieces such as Kings, Queens and Knights were able to move in
different ways with (12) .................................... aim of
capturing other pieces and, at the end of the game, the opponent’s King. Unlike chess, it was played by four
people, (13) .................................... with their own army. And the other main difference is the use of
dice to decide which piece moved each turn. Some chess historians believe that the game in fact derives (14)
........................... a Persian game, Shatranj, the first references to which also (15) ..............................
from the sixth century. In Shatranj, the powers of the King to move and capture pieces (16)
.................................... more limited than in Shaturanga. (17) .................................... there may
be disagreement about its origins, it is generally accepted that chess in essentially the form it is played today
appeared in southern Europe around the end of the fifteenth century and quickly spread (18)
................................. the continent. (19) .................................... this time, the Queen had become
the most powerful piece of all. Today, chess has become one of the world’s (20) ....................................
popular games. It is played by millions of people both informally and in tournaments, and the number of people
playing online is increasing with access to the Internet.

Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only ONE word in each gap.

Until the late 1920s, motion pictures were silent except (1) ________ the musical accompaniment

provided by theater owners in the form of live orchestras. Up (2) ________ this point, movies had enjoyed a wide

degree of popularity, but they still remained a secondary form of entertainment, largely (3) ________ to their lack

of sound. Everything changed (4) ________ 1926 when Warner Brothers introduced a new sound-on-disc system.

In this system, sound effects and music were (5) ________ on wax record. In order to exhibit this new (6)

________, Warner Brothers showed “Don Juan”, the first (7) ________ picture to have a pre-recorded score and

sound effects. Although “Don Juan” was enjoyed very much, many movie studios still refused to adapt (8)

________ talking picture technology, believing that “talkies” would never replace silent pictures. (9) ________,

“The Jazz Singer”, an interesting film with sound, in October (10) ________ 1927 changed these options, and in

doing so, changed the history of motion pictures forever.

Read the text below and think of the word which best fits space .Use only one word in each space .The first one has been done for you. Write your answers in the table below. (2,0ms)                         

I (0)............. several good friends but I suppose that my best (1)............. is Ellen. We have been friends with each other (2)............. we were very young because she used to live next door to me. We were in the (3)............. class at school. She has always been much more clever than me at all subjects. I don’t mind (4).............. she often help me with my homework! Anyway, I have always been better at sport than she is. I beat her at tennis and she didn’t like that. In fact, she hates (5)..................  at anything and gets very annoyed if she does. That is the only thing that I don’t like about her. Otherwise, she has a great sense of (6) ................. and she always makes me laugh. We get on very well (7).................. although we have arguments about silly little things sometimes. Ellen and her family moved to another district last year but I (8).................. see her a lot. We’re planning to go on a (9)................around Europe next summer. I’m really looking forward to it because I think we’ll (10)............. a lot of fun and see exciting places.

For questions 6-30, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space.
Use only one word in each space. There is an example at the beginning (0).

GLASS

Perhaps (0) __one__of the commonest man-made substances is glass. In fact, it is (16)
__________________ common that few people appreciate its unique qualities. Glass is (17)
__________________ hard and transparent. It does not expand when heated, it is a very poor
conductor and it is resistant to all acids (18) __________________ hydrofluoric acid, which
dissolves it.
(19) __________________ knows exactly where or when the manufacture of glass began. (20)
__________________ is known, though, is that there were skilled glass makers in ancient Egypt
who practised it as (21) __________________ as 2000 BC, if not earlier. The Romans are also
known to (22) __________________ been particularly good (23) __________________ making
glass.
Glass is (24) __________________ from sand, an alkali and other ingredients which can (25)
__________________ colour it or change its properties. These changes are usually achieved (26)
__________________ adding certain chemicals during the process or placing thin layers of other
substances (27) __________________ two sheets of glass. The nature of the glass produced also
depends (28) __________________ the quality of the ingredients used.
Nowadays, one of the main uses of glass is in windows, which to us would seem to (29)
__________________ quite logical. However, the art of making glass was known long (30)
__________________ it was considered suitable for windows.

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