Giải phương trình
a) \(\sqrt{10-x}+\sqrt{3+x}+2\sqrt{30+7x-x^2}=17\)
b) \(\frac{4}{\left(x-1\right)^2}-\frac{12}{\left(3x-1\right)^2}=3\)
c) \(\left(x^2-x-3\right)^2-\frac{1}{2}\left(2x-1\right)^2+\frac{7}{2}=0\)
CHUYÊN ĐỀ GIẢI PHƯƠNG TRÌNH
a, \(\sqrt{2x-1}+\sqrt{x^2+3}=4-x\) f, \(2x^2-11x+23=4\sqrt{x+1}\)
b, \(\sqrt{x^2+x+1}=\sqrt{x^2-3x-1}+2x+1\) g, \(\frac{4}{x}+\sqrt{x-\frac{1}{x}}=x+\sqrt{2x-\frac{5}{x}}\)
c, \(\left|x-16\right|^4+\left|x-17\right|^3=1\) h, \(9\left(\sqrt{4x+1}-\sqrt{3x-2}\right)=x+3\)
d, \(\left(x+1\right)\sqrt{x+2}+\left(x+6\right)\sqrt{x+7}=x^2+7x+12\)
e, \(\left(4x^3-x+3\right)^3-x^3=\frac{3}{2}\)
1.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-1}-1+\sqrt{x^2+3}-2+x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{2x-1}+1}+\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+3}+2}+x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{2x-1}+1}+\frac{x+1}{\sqrt{x^2+3}+2}+1\right)=0\)
\(\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
2.
ĐKXĐ: ...
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2+x+1}=a>0\\\sqrt{x^2-3x-1}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b+\frac{1}{2}\left(a^2-b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=b\left(1\right)\\a=2-b\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+1=x^2-3x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+x+1}=2-\sqrt{x^2-3x-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+x+1=x^2-3x+3-4\sqrt{x^2-3x-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{x^2-3x-1}=1-2x\)
\(\Rightarrow4x^2-12x-4=4x^2-4x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\frac{5}{8}\)
Do các bước biến đổi ko tương đương nên cần thay nghiệm này vào pt ban đầu để kiểm tra (bạn tự kiểm tra)
3.
- Với \(x=\left\{16;17\right\}\) là 2 nghiệm của pt
- Với \(x< 16\):
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-16\right|^4>0\\\left|x-17\right|>1\Rightarrow\left|x-17\right|^3>1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-16\right|^4+\left|x-17\right|^3>1\)
Pt vô nghiệm
- Với \(x>17\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-17\right|^3>0\\\left|x-16\right|>1\Rightarrow\left|x-16\right|^4>1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-16\right|^4+\left|x-17\right|^3>1\)
Pt vô nghiệm
- Với \(16< x< 17\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0< \left|x-16\right|< 1\\0< \left|17-x\right|< 1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-16\right|^4< x-16\\\left|17-x\right|^3< 17-x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-16\right|^4+\left|x-17\right|^3< x-16+17-x=1\) (vô nghiệm)
Vậy pt có đúng 2 nghiệm \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=16\\x=17\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải phương trình:
\(\frac{2\left(x-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)}+\frac{3\left(x-1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{3}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)}+\frac{4\left(x-1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}=3x-1\)
a)Giải các phương trình sau bằng phương pháp đặt ẩn phụ:
1) \(x^2-3x-3=\frac{3\left(\sqrt[3]{x^3-4x^2+4}-1\right)}{1-x}\) ;2)\(1+\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{x-x^2}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\)
b) Giải các phương trình sau(không giới hạn phương pháp):
1)\(2\left(1-x\right)\sqrt{x^2+2x-1}=x^2-2x-1\) ; 2)\(\sqrt{2x+4}-2\sqrt{2-x}=\frac{12x-8}{\sqrt{9x^2+16}}\)
3)\(\frac{3x^2+3x-1}{3x+1}=\sqrt{x^2+2x-1}\) ; 4) \(\frac{2x^3+3x^2+11x-8}{3x^2+4x+1}=\sqrt{\frac{10x-8}{x+1}}\)
5)\(13x-17+4\sqrt{x+1}=6\sqrt{x-2}\left(1+2\sqrt{x+1}\right)\);
6)\(x^2+8x+2\left(x+1\right)\sqrt{x+6}=6\sqrt{x+1}\left(\sqrt{x+6}+1\right)+9\)
7)\(x^2+9x+2+4\left(x+1\right)\sqrt{x+4}=\frac{5}{2}\sqrt{x+1}\left(2+\sqrt{x+4}\right)\)
8)\(8x^2-26x-2+5\sqrt{2x^4+5x^3+2x^2+7}\)
À do nãy máy lag sr :) Chứ bài đặt ẩn phụ mệt lắm :)
giải pt
a) \(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=6x-3\left(\sqrt{2x+3}-\sqrt{4-x}\right)^2-10\)
b) \(\sqrt{4x+1}+2\sqrt{1-x}+10\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}=13\)
c) \(\left(x^2+1\right)^2=13-x\sqrt{2x^2+4}\)
d) \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x-1}\right)^2-3=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{x-1}}\)
e) \(\left(\frac{2x-3}{\sqrt{x^2-1}}+2\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}}\right)=\frac{1}{x^2-1}\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(-\frac{3}{2}\le x\le4\)
\(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=6x-3\left(x+7-2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\right)-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=3\left(x+7+2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\right)-52\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=x+7+2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\)
Phương trình trở thành:
\(a=3a^2-52\Leftrightarrow3a^2-a-52=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-4\left(l\right)\\a=\frac{13}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=\frac{13}{3}\)
Phương trình này vô nghiệm nên ko muốn giải tiếp, bạn bình phương lên và chuyển vế thôi :(
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(-\frac{1}{4}\le x\le1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{4x+1}+2\sqrt{1-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=5+4\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}=\frac{a^2-5}{4}\)
Pt trở thành:
\(a+10\left(\frac{a^2-5}{4}\right)=13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5a^2+2a-51=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\a=-\frac{17}{5}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}=\frac{a^2-5}{4}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^2+3x=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\frac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+2\right)=12-x\sqrt{2x^2+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=24-2x\sqrt{2x^2+4}\)
Đặt \(x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=a\) ta được:
\(a^2=24-2a\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a-24=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=4\\a=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=4\left(x>0\right)\\x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=-6\left(x< 0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=16\\x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=36\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^4+2x^2-8=0\\x^4+2x^2-18=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=2\\x^2=-4\left(l\right)\\x^2=\sqrt{19}-1\\x^2=-\sqrt{19}-1\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\x=-\sqrt{2}< 0\left(l\right)\\x=-\sqrt{\sqrt{19}-1}\\x=\sqrt{\sqrt{19}-1}>0\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
Nhân cả tử và mẫu của vế phải với liên hợp của nó ta được:
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x-1}\right)^2-3=\frac{\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x+1}}{2}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x-1}=a>0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-3=\frac{a}{2}\Rightarrow2a^2-a-6=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\a=-\frac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x-1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x^2-1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-1}=2-x\) (\(x\le2\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-1=x^2-4x+4\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{5}{4}\)
Mình rút gọn như thế này đúng không nhỉ?
\(P=\left(2-\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{2\sqrt{x}-3}\right):\left(\frac{6\sqrt{x}+1}{2x-\sqrt{x}-3}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right)\)
\(P=\left[\frac{2\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{2\sqrt{x}-3}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{2\sqrt{x}-3}\right]:\left[\frac{6\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\right]\)
\(P=\left(\frac{4\sqrt{x}-6}{2\sqrt{x}-3}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{2\sqrt{x}-3}\right):\left(\frac{6\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)}+\frac{2x-3\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\right)\)
\(P=\left(\frac{4\sqrt{x}-6-\sqrt{x}+1}{2\sqrt{x}-3}\right):\left(\frac{6\sqrt{x}+1+2x-3\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\right)\)
\(P=\frac{3\sqrt{x}-5}{2\sqrt{x}-3}:\frac{2x+3\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{3\sqrt{x}-5}{2\sqrt{x}-3}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{2x+3\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(P=\left(3\sqrt{x}-5\right).\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{2x+3\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(P=\frac{3x+3\sqrt{x}-5\sqrt{x}-5}{2x+3\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(P=\frac{3x-5\sqrt{x}-5}{2x+1}\)
từ dòng cuối là sai rồi bạn à
Bạn bỏ dòng cuối đi còn lại đúng rồi
Ở tử đặt nhân tử chung căn x chung rồi lại đặt căn x +1 chung
Ở mẫu tách 3 căn x ra 2 căn x +căn x rồi đặt nhân tử 2 căn x ra
rút gọn được \(\frac{3\sqrt{x}-5}{2\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(B=\left(\frac{x\sqrt{x}+x+\sqrt{x}}{x\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{1-\sqrt{x}}\right).\frac{x-1}{2x+\sqrt{x}-1}\) ĐKXĐ: ...
\(=\frac{\left(x\sqrt{x}+x+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(x\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(x\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)}.\frac{x-1}{2x+2\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\frac{x\sqrt{x}+x+\sqrt{x}-x^2-x\sqrt{x}-x-x^2+\sqrt{x}-3x\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(x\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)}.\frac{x-1}{2\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-3x\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}-2x^2+3}{\left(x\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)}.\frac{x-1}{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3-3x\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}-2x^2}{\left(x\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)}.\frac{1}{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(1-x\sqrt{x}\right)+2\sqrt{x}\left(1-x\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(x\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)}.\frac{1}{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(1-x\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(x\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)}.\frac{x-1}{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-2\sqrt{x}-3}{1-\sqrt{x}}.\frac{x-1}{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-2\sqrt{x}-3}{1-\sqrt{x}}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{2\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{x}+3}{2\sqrt{x}-1}\)
Giải các pt sau bằng cách đặt ẩn phụ:
a/\(-4\sqrt{\left(4-x\right)\left(2+x\right)}=x^2-2x-12\)
b/\(\left(x-3\right)^2+3x-22=\sqrt{x^2-3x+7}\)
c/\(\frac{\sqrt{x+4}+\sqrt{x-4}}{2}=x+\sqrt{x^2-16}-6\)
d/\(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{x+3}+2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=4-2x\)
e/\(\sqrt{x+7}+\sqrt{7x-6}+\sqrt{49x^2+7x-42}=181-14x\)
f/\(5\sqrt{x}+\frac{5}{2\sqrt{x}}=2x+\frac{1}{2x}+4\)
giải các phương trình chứa ẩn ở mẫu sau đây dạng \(\frac{p\left(x\right)}{q\left(x\right)}-\frac{r\left(x\right)}{q\left(x\right)}=a\)
a) \(\frac{2\left(3-7x\right)}{x+1}=\frac{1}{2}\)
b) \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}-1=\frac{3-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
c) \(\frac{8-x}{x-7}-8=\frac{1}{x-7}\)
d) \(\frac{14}{3x-12}-\frac{x+2}{x-4}=\frac{3}{8-2x}-\frac{5}{6}\)
Rút gọn
\(1.A=\left(\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\frac{3x+3}{x-9}\right):\left(\frac{2\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}-3}-1\right)\)
\(2.B=\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{ab}+1}+\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}-1}-1\right):\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{ab}+1}-\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}-1}+1\right)\)
\(3.C=\left(\frac{2x-1+\sqrt{x}}{1-x}+\frac{2x\sqrt{x}+x-\sqrt{x}}{1+x\sqrt{x}}\right).\left(\frac{\left(x-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)}{2\sqrt{x}-1}\right)\)