bài 5

ĐK:\(x>2,y>1\)

\(\frac{36}{\sqrt{x-2}}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{y-1}}=28-4\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{y-1}..\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{36}{\sqrt{x-2}}+4\sqrt{x-2}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{y-1}}+\sqrt{y-1}=28\)

Áp dụng AM-GM ta có:

\(\frac{36}{\sqrt{x-2}}+4\sqrt{x-2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{144\sqrt{x-2}}{\sqrt{x-2}}}=24\)

\(\frac{4}{\sqrt{y-1}}+\sqrt{y-1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4\sqrt{y-1}}{\sqrt{y-1}}}=4.\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{36}{\sqrt{x-2}}+4\sqrt{x-2}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{y-1}}+\sqrt{y-1}\ge28.\)

Dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(\frac{36}{\sqrt{x-2}}=4\sqrt{x-2}\Leftrightarrow x=11\left(n\right).\)

\(\frac{4}{\sqrt{y-1}}=\sqrt{y-1}\Leftrightarrow y=5\left(n\right).\)

Vậy \(x=11,y=5\)

đặt \(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^5-x^2+3xy+6}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^5-y^2+3yz+6}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z^5-z^2+3zx+6}}\)

ta có:\(\left(x^3+2x^2+3x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^5-x^2\ge3x-3\)

cmtt=>\(y^5-y^2\ge3y-3;z^5-z^2\ge3z-3\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x-3+3xy+6}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3y-3+3yz+6}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3z-3+3zx+6}}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(x+xy+1\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(y+yz+1\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(z+zx+1\right)}}\)

áp dụng bunhia ta có:

\(3\left(x+xy+1\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{xy}+1\right)^2\)

cmtt\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{xy}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{yz}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{zx}+1}\)

đặt \(\sqrt{x}=a;\sqrt{y}=b;\sqrt{z}=c\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{xy}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{yz}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{zx}+1}=\frac{1}{a+ab+1}+\frac{1}{b+bc+1}+\frac{1}{c+ca+1}\)

\(=\frac{abc}{a+ab+abc}+\frac{1}{b+bc+1}+\frac{b}{bc+abc+b}=\frac{bc}{bc+b+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le1\)

\(M^2=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{2y}\right)^2=\left(\frac{1}{_{\sqrt{\alpha}}}.\sqrt{\alpha x}+\sqrt{2y}\right)^2< =\left(\frac{1}{\alpha}+1\right)\left(\alpha x+2y\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow M^4\le\left(\frac{1}{\alpha}+1\right)^2\left(\alpha x+2y\right)^2\le\left(\frac{1}{\alpha}+1\right)^2\left(\alpha^2+4\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(\frac{1}{\alpha}+1\right)^2\left(\alpha^2+4\right)\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra => \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{\alpha x}{\frac{1}{\alpha}}=\frac{2y}{1}\\\frac{\alpha}{x}=\frac{2}{y}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\alpha^2x=2y\\\alpha=\frac{2x}{y}\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{\alpha^2}{2}=\frac{y}{x}\\\frac{\alpha}{2}=\frac{x}{y}\end{cases}}}\Rightarrow\frac{\alpha^2}{2}=\frac{1}{\frac{\alpha}{2}}\Rightarrow\alpha=\sqrt[3]{4}\)  

Suy ra max = \(\sqrt[4]{\left(\frac{1}{\alpha}+1\right)^2\left(\alpha^2+4\right)}\) với \(\alpha=\sqrt[3]{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{\left(x+30\right)^2+23}=\left(y+30\right)^2+\sqrt{y+17}\\\sqrt{\left(y+30\right)^2+23}=\left(x+30\right)^2+\sqrt{x+17}\end{cases}}\)

giả sử \(x\ge y\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(y+30\right)^2+23}\ge\sqrt{\left(x+30\right)^2+23}\Rightarrow y\ge x\)

=>x=y

lại có:

\(x+17\ge0\Rightarrow x+30=a\ge13\)

xét \(a^2-\sqrt{a^2+23}=\frac{a^4-a^2-23}{a^2+\sqrt{a^2+23}}=\frac{a^2\left(a^2-1\right)-23}{\sqrt{a^2+23}+a^2}>0\)

=>pt vô no

CHO a,b,c>0 thỏa mãn: \(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)

CMR: \(\frac{a^2b^2}{c^3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\frac{b^2c^2}{a^3\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{c^2a^2}{b^3\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)

ĐẶT \(A=\frac{a^2b^2}{c^3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\frac{b^2c^2}{a^3\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{c^2a^2}{b^3\left(c^2+a^2\right)}\)

ĐẶT:\(\frac{1}{a}=x,\frac{1}{y}=b,\frac{1}{z}=c\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge1\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{x^3}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{y^3}{z^2+x^2}+\frac{z^3}{z^2+y^2}\)

TA CÓ:

\(x\left(y^2+z^2\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{2x^2\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y^2+z^2\right)}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{\frac{\left(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\right)^3}{27}}=\frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\)TƯƠNG TỰ:

\(y\left(x^2+z^2\right)\le\frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2},z\left(x^2+y^2\right)\le\frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\)LẠI CÓ:
\(A=\frac{x^3}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{y^3}{x^2+z^2}+\frac{z^3}{x^2+y^2}=\frac{x^4}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)}+\frac{y^4}{y\left(x^2+z^2\right)}+\frac{z^4}{z\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)+y\left(x^2+z^2\right)+z\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{3.\frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}} \)\(\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)

DẤU BẰNG XẢY RA\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\Rightarrow DPCM\)

rút gọn:

a)\(\left(\frac{1}{2+2\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{2-2\sqrt{x}}-\frac{x^2+1}{1-x^2}\right)\times\left(1+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)

b)\(\left(\frac{2\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}+\frac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{2\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right)\times\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}}\)

c)\(\left(\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{x\sqrt{x}-1}{1-x}\right)\div\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

cho x+y+z=4 

cmr \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}\ge1\)

BL

TA CẦN CM \(\frac{1}{x}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge1\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge x\)

mà x=\(4-\left(y+z\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge4-\left(y+z\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{y}-2+y+\frac{1}{z}-2+z\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}-\sqrt{z}\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)

a,

ta có:

(x²+7x+3)²=x⁴+14x³+55x²+42x+9

(8x+4)(x²+5x+2)=8x³+44x²+36x+8

=>x⁴+14x³+55x²+42x+9=8x³+44x²+36x+8

<=>x⁴+6x³+11x²+6x+1=0

xét x=0 ko phải no của pt

xét x khác 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)+6\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+11=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+6\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+9=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{x}+3\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{-3+\sqrt{5}}{2};\frac{-3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\)

d,

xét n=1=> mệnh đề luôn đúng

giả sử mệnh đề đúng với n=k

ta sẽ cm nó đúng với n=k+1

với n=k+1

=>(n+1)(n+2)..(n+n)=2n(n+1)(n+2)...(2n-1)

=2(k+1)(k+2).....2k chia hết cho 2^k+1

=>(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)...(n+n) chia hết cho 2ⁿ

c,

ta có:

\(\left(1+x\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{x}\right)=1+x+y+\frac{y}{x}\ge1+y+2\sqrt{y}=\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(1+x\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{x}\right)\left(1+\frac{9}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2\ge\left[\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\left(1+\frac{9}{\sqrt{y}}\right)\right]^2\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{y}+\frac{9}{\sqrt{y}}+10\right)^2\ge\left(6+10\right)^2=256\left(Q.E.D\right)\)

dấu = xảy ra khi y=9;x=3

b,

x⁷+xy⁶=y¹⁴+y⁸

<=>(x⁷-y¹⁴)+(xy⁶-y⁸)=0

<=>(x-y²)(x+y²)+y⁶(x-y²)=0

<=>(x-y²)(x+y²+y⁶)=0

xét x=y²

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{4x+5}+\sqrt{y^2+8}=\sqrt{4y^2+5}+\sqrt{y^2-1}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{4y^2+5}+\sqrt{y^2+8}=6\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{4y^2+5}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{y^2+8}-3\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{4y^2-4}{\sqrt{4y^2+5}+3}+\frac{y^2-1}{\sqrt{y^2+8}+3}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(y^2-1\right)\left(\frac{4}{\sqrt{4y^2+5}+3}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^2+8}+3}\right)=0\)

\(\frac{4}{\sqrt{4y^2+5}+3}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^2+8}+3}>0\Rightarrow y^2=1\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;1\right);\left(1;-1\right)\)

xét x+y²+y⁶=0

<=>x=-y²-y⁶

lại có:

x⁷+xy⁶=y¹⁴+y⁸

<=>x(x⁶+y⁶)=y¹⁴+y⁸

<=>-(y²+y⁶)(x⁶+y⁶)=y¹⁴+y⁸

mà \(-\left(y^2+y^6\right)\left(x^6+y^6\right)\le0\le y^{14}+y^8\)

<=>y=0=>x=0(ko thỏa mãn)

vậy nghiệm của pt:(x;y)=(1;-1);(1;1)