nHCl = 0,2 *1=0,2 mol

Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + 2H2O

 0,1                 0,2                              mol

VCa(OH)2=0,1*22,4=2,24 l

V ddCa(OH)2= 0,1 / 2 =0,05lít =50ml dd

2HCl + Ca(OH)₂ \(\rightarrow\) CaCl₂ + 2H₂O

nHCl = 0,2.1 = 0,2 mol

Theo pt: nCa(OH)₂ = 0,5nHCl = 0,1 mol

=> \(V_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1:2=0,05\) (l)

Theo pt: nCaCl₂ = nCa(OH)₂ = 0,1 mol 

C_M CaCl₂ = 0,1 : (0,2+0,05) = 0,4M

\(200ml=0,2l\)

\(n_{HCL}=C_M.V_{dd}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:2HCL+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCL_2+2H_2O\)

\(\left(mol\right).....0,2\rightarrow.....0,1.....0,2\)

\(V_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(l\right)\)

\(V_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=V_{ddHCL}+V_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2+0,5=0,25\left(l\right)\)

\(C_{M_{CaCL_2}}=\dfrac{n}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,25}=0,4\left(M\right)\)

3.

\(n_{Ba^{2+}}=0,5.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2+0,4}=0,17M\)

\(n_{Cl^-}=2.0,5.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2+0,4}=0,33M\)

\(n_{Na^+}=2.0,2.0,4=0,16\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,16}{0,2+0,4}=0,27M\)

\(n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,2.0,4=0,08\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{0,08}{0,2+0,4}=0,13M\)

4.

\(n_{H^+}=n_{Cl^-}=2.0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Cl^-\right]=\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,3}{0,15+0,05}=1,5M\)

\(n_{Ba^{2+}}=0,05.2,8=0,14\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0,14}{0,15+0,05}=0,7M\)

\(n_{OH^-}=2.0,05.2,8=0,28\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,28}{0,15+0,05}=1,4M\)

Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

0.2     0.4         0.2        0.2

\(nHCl=0.2\times2=0.4mol\)

a.\(m=0.2\times24=4.8g\); \(V=0.2\times22.4=4.48l\)

b.MgCl2 + 2NaOH -> Mg(OH)2 + NaCl 

    0.2                              0.2

\(mNaOH=20\%\times100=20g\Rightarrow nNaOH=0.5mol\)

=> MgCl2 hết, NaOH dư

\(mMg\left(OH\right)2=0.2\times58=11.6g\)

Câu 1:

- Trích mẫu thử

- Cho quỳ tím vào các mẫu thử

 + Quỳ tím hóa đỏ: \(H_2SO_4\)

 + Quỳ tím hóa xanh: \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2,NaOH\)

- Cho \(ddH_2SO_4\) đã nhận biết vào 2 mẫu thử chưa nhận biết

 + Xuất hiện kết tủa trắng: \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2\)

   \(PTHH:Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2H_2O\)

 + Không hiện tượng: \(NaOH\)

   \(PTHH:2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

Câu 2:

\(200ml=0,2l\\ n_{HCl}=C_M.V_{dd}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2HCl+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\\ \left(mol\right).....0,2\rightarrow.....0,1..........0,1.......0,2\\ V_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(l\right)\\ V_{ddCaCl_2}=V_{ddHCl}+V_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2+0,05=0,25\left(l\right)\\ C_{M_{CaCl_2}}=\dfrac{n}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,25}=0,4\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{OH^-}=0,2.1+0,2.1.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H^+}=V.2+V.1.2=4V\left(mol\right)\)

H⁺ + OH^- --------> H2O (1)

Vì dung dịch A được trung hòa bởi 200 ml dd HNO3 1M

=>Dung dịch A có OH- dư sau phản ứng

\(n_{H^+}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

H⁺ + OH^- _dư --------> H2O

=> \(n_{OH^-\left(dư\right)}=n_{H^+\left(củaHNO3\right)}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{OH^-\left(pứ\right)}=0,6-0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Từ (1) => \(n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-\left(pứ\right)}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

=> 4V=0,4

=> V= 0,1 (lít)

\(^nNaOH=1.0,3=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

     \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

mol 0,3           0,3         0,3

a) \(CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)

b) \(CM_{d^2saupứ}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3+0,2}=0,6M\)

Chúc bạn học tốt!!!

a) \(n_{NaOH}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

\(n_{HCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(x=CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)

b) \(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(CM_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3+0,2}=0,6M\)

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,2\cdot3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1\cdot160=16\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_3}=0,2\cdot162,5=32,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{32,5}{16+200\cdot1,1}\cdot100\%\approx13,77\%\\C_{M_{FeCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

a

\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)

0,02<------0,04----->0,02

Xét \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,04}{2}\Rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2.dư\)

\(m_{CaCl_2}=0,02.111=2,22\left(g\right)\)

b

Muốn pứ xảy ra hoàn toàn phải thêm dung dịch HCl 0,2 M

\(n_{HCl.cần}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl.cần.thêm}=0,6-0,04=0,56\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{cần.\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,56}{0,2}=2,8\left(l\right)=280\left(ml\right)\\ V_{cần.thêm\left(HCl\right)}=280-200=80\left(ml\right)\)

c

\(CM_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,3+0,28}=\dfrac{1}{29}M\)

\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)

  0,02<----0,04------>0,02

a

\(m_{CaCl_2}=0,02.111=2,22\left(g\right)\)

b

Muốn pứ xảy ra hoàn toàn thì phải thêm dd HCl 0,2M.

\(n_{HCl.cần}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl.cần.thêm}=0,6-0,04=0,56\left(mol\right)\\ V_{HCl.cần.}=\dfrac{0,56}{0,2}=2,8\left(l\right)\\ V_{HCl.cần.thêm}=2,8-0,2=2,6\left(l\right)=260\left(ml\right)\)

c

\(CM_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3+2,8}=\dfrac{3}{31}M\)