\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=7.2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7.2}{32}=0.225\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.225\cdot22.4=25.2\left(l\right)\)

\(Đặt:n_{Mg}a\left(mol\right),n_{Cu}=b\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=c\left(mol\right)\)

\(Mg+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}MgO\)

\(Cu+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CuO\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2Al_2O_3\)

\(TC:n_{O_2}=0.5a=0.5b=0.75c=\dfrac{0.225}{3}=0.075\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.15\\b=0.15\\c=0.1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0.15\cdot24=3.6\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0.15\cdot64=9.6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0.1\cdot27=2.7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a/ Gọi x và y là số mol của Cu và Mg ban đầu.
Ta có: 64x + 24y = 7.6 g
<=> 8x + 3y = 0.95 (1)
2Cu + O2 ---------------> 2CuO
x ------------------------------ x mol
2Mg + O2 ---------------> 2MgO
y ------------------------------ y mol

Từ 2 ptpứ ta có KL hỗn hợp sau pứ là: m = 80x + 40y
Vì KL MgO chiếm 20% KL hỗn hợp nên:
\(\dfrac{40y}{80x+40y}\) = 20% = 0.2
<=> 40y = 0.2(80x + 40y)
<=> 40y = 16x + 8y
<=> 32y = 16x
<=> x = 2y. Thế vào (1) ta có:
<=>8.2y + 3y = 0.95
<=> 19y =0.95
<=> y = 0.05 mol.
===> x = 2.0.05 = 0.1 mol.
Vậy khối lượng Mg: m = 0.05.24 = 1.2 g
mCu: m = 7.6 - 1.2 = 6.4 g.
b/
2HCl `+ `CuO -------> CuCl2 + H2O
0.2 <--- 0.1 mol
2HCl ` + `MgO ------> MgCl2 + H2O
0.2 <----- 0.1 mol
Từ 2 pt trên ta tính lượng axit HCl nguyên chất cần dùng: n = 0.2 + 0.2 = 0.4 mol.

=>VHCl=\(\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}\)=0,8l=800ml

a) Gọi số mol Cu, Mg là a, b (mol)

=> 64a + 24b = 7,6 (1)

PTHH: 2Cu + O₂ --t^o--> 2CuO

              a---------------->a

           2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

             b------------------>b

=> \(\%MgO=\dfrac{40b}{80a+40b}.100\%=20\%\)

=> a = 2b (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,1; b = 0,05 

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,05.24=1,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) 

PTHH: CuO + H₂SO₄ --> CuSO₄ + H₂O 

             0,1--->0,1

            MgO + H₂SO₄ --> MgSO₄ + H₂O 

           0,05--->0,05

=> \(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1+0,05}{0,5}=0,3\left(l\right)\)

\(a,Đặt:n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\left(a>0\right)\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=40a\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=40a.4=160a\left(g\right)\\ n_{CuO}=\dfrac{160}{80}a=2a\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Cu,Mg}=7,6\left(g\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow64.2a+24a=7,6\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Mg}=24.0,05=1,2\left(g\right);m_{Cu}=64.2a=128.0,05=6,4\left(g\right)\\ b,MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\\ CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{MgO}+n_{CuO}=a+2a=3a=3.0,05=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}=0,3\left(l\right)\)

\(a) n_{Mg} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 24a + 56b = 9,6(1)\\ 2Mg + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2MgO\\ 3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4\\ n_{O_2} = 0,5a + \dfrac{2}{3}b = \dfrac{2,8}{22,4} = 0,125(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow a = 0,05 ; b = 0,15\\ m_{Mg} = 0,05.24 = 1,2(gam) ; m_{Fe} = 0,15.56 = 8,4(gam)\\ b) m_{oxit} = m_A + m_{O_2} = 9,6 + 0,125.32 = 13,6(gam)\)

\(2Mg+O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2MgO\\ 2Cu+O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2CuO\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=x\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=y\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=\dfrac{x}{24}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=\dfrac{x}{64}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ TheoPT:\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=\dfrac{x}{24}\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{x}{64}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=24\\\dfrac{x}{24}.40=25\%.\left(\dfrac{x}{24}.40+\dfrac{y}{64}.80\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=12\\y=12\end{matrix}\right.\)

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