P=3x²+11y²-2xy-2x+6y-1=(x²+9y²-6xy)-2(x-3y)+1+2x²+2y²+4xy -2

=(x-3y-1)²+2(x+y)²-2\(\ge-2\)

MinP=-2 khi x=1/4 và y=-1/4

A= x^2 - 2x(y+7) + (y+7)^2 -(y+7)^2 + 6y^2 - 6y +72

=(x-y-7)^2 + 5(y^2 - 4y +4) +101

=(x-y-7)^2 + 5(y-2)^2 +101\(\ge\)101

\(\Rightarrow\)Min A= 101\(\Leftrightarrow\)x=9;y=2
 

Lời giải:

\(A=3x^2+11y^2-2xy-2x+6y-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x^2+y^2+\frac{1}{4}-2xy-x+y\right)+2\left(x^2-\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{1}{16}\right)+10\left(y^2+\frac{1}{2}y+\frac{1}{16}\right)-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x-y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+2\left(x-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2+10\left(y+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-2\)

Thấy rằng \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow A\ge-2\)

Vậy \(A_{min}=-2\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y-\frac{1}{2}=0\\x-\frac{1}{4}=0\\y+\frac{1}{4}=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{4};y=\frac{-1}{4}}\)

A chỉ đạt max

B=(x^2+y^2+1-2xy+2x-2y)+(x^2-4x+4)-10

B=(x-y+1)^2+(x-2)^2-10\(\ge\)-10

C=((x^2+y^2-2xy)-10(x-y)+25)+3(y^2-2y+1)+4

C=(x-y-5)^2+3(y-1)^2+4\(\ge\)4

bài 1:= \(2x\left(x-3\right)-6\left(x-3\right)+2y\left(x-3\right)\)

         =\(2\left(x-3\right)\left(x+y-3\right)\)

bài 2:P=\(x^2-2x+1+y^2+6y+9+2\)

         P=\(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+2\ge2\)

vậy Pmin=2 khi x=1 và y=-3