\(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}=\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)+\frac{1}{2ab}\)

Ta có : \(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=4\)

\(\frac{1}{2ab}\ge\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}\ge4+2=6\)

1) \(9x^2+y^2-2z^2-18x+4z-6y+20=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2-18x+9\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(2z^2+4z+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z^2+2z+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\)

mà: \(9\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0;\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0;2\left(z+1\right)^2\ge0\)

nên \(_{\hept{\begin{cases}9\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-3\right)^2=0\\2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{cases}}}\)

2) Ta có: \(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}\right)=0\Leftrightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)

Lại có: \(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}=1\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x^2}{a^2}\right)+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+\frac{2xy}{ab}+\frac{2yz}{bc}+\frac{2xz}{ac}=1\)

mà : \(\frac{2xy}{ab}+\frac{2yz}{bc}+\frac{2xz}{ac}=\frac{2xyabc^2+2yzbca^2+2xzacb^2}{a^2b^2c^2}=\frac{2abc\left(cxy+ayz+bxz\right)}{a^2b^2c^2}=\frac{2abc\cdot0}{a^2b^2c^2}=0\)

Vậy \(\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}=1\)

1 ) \(9x^2+y^2+2z^2-18x+4z-6y+20=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2-18x+9\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(2z^2+4z+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\)

Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}9\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\\2\left(z+1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2\ge0\)

Để \(9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\) thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}9\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-3\right)^2=0\\2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{cases}}}\)

2 ) Ta có : \(\left(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{2xy}{ab}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{2xz}{ac}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+\frac{2yz}{bc}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}\right)+\left(\frac{2xy}{ab}+\frac{2xz}{ac}+\frac{2yz}{bc}\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}\right)+\frac{2xyz}{abc}\left(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}\right)+\frac{2xyz}{abc}.0=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}=1\) (đpcm(

Không mất tính tổng quát ta giả sử: \(a\ge b\)

Nếu \(a\ge b>\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow a^2\ge b^2>\frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow a^2+b^2>\frac{1}{2}\)(loại)

Nếu \(\frac{1}{2}>a\ge b\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4}>a^2\ge b^2\Rightarrow a^2+b^2< \frac{1}{2}\)(loại)

Vậy chỉ còn trường hợp: \(a\ge\frac{1}{2}\ge b\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-\frac{1}{2}\ge0\\b-\frac{1}{2}\le0\end{cases}}\)

Nhân vế theo vế ta được

\(\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(b-\frac{1}{2}\right)\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab-\frac{a+b}{2}+\frac{1}{4}\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b\ge2ab+\frac{1}{2}\)

Từ bài toán ta có

\(\frac{1}{1-2ab}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{1-2ab}+\frac{a+b}{ab}\)

\(\ge\frac{1}{1-2ab}+\frac{2ab+\frac{1}{2}}{ab}=\frac{1}{1-2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}+2\)

\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{1-2ab+2ab}+2=4+2=6\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)

ket qua la 213/4

a²+b²=\(\frac{1}{2}\)

xét a;b<\(\frac{1}{2}\)thì a²+b²<\(\frac{1}{2}\)

=>1 trong 2 số phải \(\ge\frac{1}{2}\)

giả sử a\(\le b\)=>\(\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(b-\frac{1}{2}\right)\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2ab+\frac{1}{2}\le a+b\)

mà \(a^2+b^2=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}\ge2ab\Rightarrow1-2ab>0\)

\(\frac{1}{1-2ab}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{1-2ab}+\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{1}{1-2ab}+\frac{2ab+\frac{1}{2}}{ab}\)

\(=\frac{1}{1-2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}+2\ge\frac{4}{1-2ab+2ab}+2=4+2=6\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)

Áp dụng bđt ngược chiều là ra

\(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\ge\frac{4}{2ab+a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)^2}=\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+2=6\)

hmm... nếu mà xét dấu bằng thì tại a=b=1/2