PTHH:

Fe + 2HCl -----> FeCl₂ + H₂

Công thức về khối lượng:

\(m_{Fe}+m_{HCl}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+14,6=25,4+0,4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=25,4+0,4-14,6=11,2\left(g\right)\)

Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂↑

Theo định luật bảo toàn khối lượng:

\(m_{Fe}+m_{HCl}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+14,6=25,4+0,4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=25,4+0,4-14,6=11,2\left(g\right)\)

Fe + 2HCl ==> FeCl2 + H2

ADDLBTKL ta có

mFe + mHCl = mFeCl2 + mH2

=> mFe= 25,4 + 0,4 - 14,6 =11,2 g

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25}{65}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{14,6.50}{100}=7,3\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2|\)

        1          2             1           1

     0,05      0,2          0,05      0,05

a) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{2}\)

                  ⇒ Zn phản ứng hết , HCl dư

                  ⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của Zn

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)

b) \(n_{ZnCl2}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{ZnCl2}=0,05.136=6,8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,2-\left(0,5.2\right)=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=01,.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)

c) \(m_{ddspu}=3,25+50-\left(0,05.2\right)=53,15\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{ZnCl2}=\dfrac{6,8.100}{53,15}=12,8\)⁰/₀

\(C_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65.100}{53,15}=6,88\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a)

$n_{Zn} = \dfraac{3,25}{65} = 0,05(mol) ; n_{HCl} = \dfrac{50.14,6\%}{36,5} = 0,2(mol)$
$Zn +2 HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$

$n_{Zn} : 1 < n_{HCl} : 2$ nên HCl dư

$n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = 0,05(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12(lít)$

b)

$n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{Zn} = 0,05 \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,05.136 = 6,8(gam_$
$n_{HCl\ pư} = 2n_{Zn} = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow m_{HCl\ dư} = (0,2  - 0,1).36,5 = 3,65(gam)$

c)

$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 3,25 + 50 - 0,05.2 = 53,15(gam)$

d)

$C\%_{ZnCl_2} = \dfrac{6,8}{53,15}.100\%= 12,8\%$
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{3,65}{53,15}.100\% = 6,87\%$

\(PTHH:Zn+2HCl->ZnCl_2+H_2\)

ap dung DLBTKL ta co

\(m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)

\(=>m_{H_2}=m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}-m_{ZnCl_2}\\ =>m_{H_2}=13+14,6-27,2\\ =>m_{H_2}=0,4\left(g\right)\)

Pt: Fe + 2HCl => FeCl₂ + H₂

nFe = \(\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05mol\)

nHCl = \(\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4mol\)

nFe : nHCl = \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}:\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,05:0,2=1:4\)

=> HCl dư

a) nFeCl₂ = nFe = 0,05 mol => mFeCl₂ = 6,35g

b) nH₂ = nFe = 0,05 mol => VH₂ = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 lít

`Fe + H_2 SO_4 -> FeSO_4 + H_2`

`0,25`     `0,25`                        `0,25`       `(mol)`

`a)n_[Fe]=[22,4]/56=0,4(mol)`

`n_[H_2 SO_4]=[24,5]/98=0,25(mol)`

Có: `[0,4]/1 > [0,25]/1=>Fe` hết, `H_2 SO_4` 

  `=>m_[Fe(dư)]=(0,4-0,25).56=8,4(g)`

`b)V_[H_2]=0,25.22,4=5,6(l)`

   Ko được ghi `Fe+H_2 SO_4->Fe_2 (SO_4)_3+H_2` vì đây là `H_2 SO_4` loãng

\(a.Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\b.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ c.n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right) \)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

  1   :    2                       :   1   (mol)

0,05  :  0,4                              (mol)

-Chuyển thành tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\Rightarrow\) Fe phản ứng hết còn HCl dư.

-Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,5.1}{1}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) 

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)

b) \(n_{Fe\left(cần\right)}=\dfrac{0,4.1}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe\left(thêm\right)}=n_{Fe\left(cần\right)}-n_{Fe\left(tt\right)}=0,2-0,05=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(thêm\right)}=n.M=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)

Bảo toàn KL: \(m_{Fe}+m_{HCl}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=5,6+7,3-0,2=12,7(g)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) 
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\) 
LTL : \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}>\dfrac{0,075}{2}\) 
=> Fe dư 
theo pthh : \(n_{Fe\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe\left(d\right)\left(d\right)}=0,05-0,0375=0,0125\left(mol\right)\\ =>m_{Fe\left(d\right)}=0,0125.56=0,7\left(g\right)\) 
theo pt trên => nH2 = 1/2nHCl = 0,0375 (mol) 
\(pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\) 
               0,0375      0,0375 
= > \(m_{Cu}=0,0375.64=2,4\left(g\right)\)