2H₂O \(\xrightarrow[phân]{điện}\) 2H₂ + O₂ (1)

O₂ + S \(\underrightarrow{to}\) SO₂ (2)

H₂ + CuO \(\underrightarrow{to}\) Cu + H₂O (3)

A: SO₂

B: Cu

\(n_{H_2O}=\frac{5,4}{18}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT1: \(n_{O_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{H_2O}=\frac{1}{2}\times0,3=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Theo Pt2: \(n_{SO_2}=n_{O_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,15\times22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

Theo PT1: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2O}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo pT3: \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,3\times64=19,2\left(g\right)\)

\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)

=> Chất rắn B gồm Na2O, MgO, Cu, Fe .

\(Na_2O+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O\)

\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

=> Dung dịch C gồm HCl dư, NaCl, MgCl2, FeCl2 .

=> Chất rắn D là Cu .

\(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_2\)

\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\)

=> Dung dịch E là NaOH dư, NaCl

=> Kết tủa F là : Mg(OH)2, Fe(OH)2 .

\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow MgO+H_2O\)

\(Fe\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow FeO+H_2O\)

\(4FeO+O_2\rightarrow2Fe_2O_3\)

=> G là MgO và Fe2O3

\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)

\(2NaOH+CuCl_2\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)

=> M là Cu(OH)2, CuO , Fe2O3, MgO

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

           0,1                                    0,15

=> V_H2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

LTL: \(0,4>0,15\rightarrow\) CuO dư

Theo pthh: \(n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,15.64}{0,15.64+\left(0,4-0,15\right).80}=32,43\%\\\%m_{CuO}=100\%-32,43\%=67,57\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a. \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\)

b. \(n_{Al}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)

Theo phương trình `(1)` \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\frac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15mol\)

\(\rightarrow V_{H_2\left(ĐKTC\right)}=n.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)

c. \(CuO+H_2\rightarrow^{t^o}Cu+H_2O\left(2\right)\)

\(n_{CuO}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)

Tỷ lệ \(\frac{0,4}{1}>\frac{0,15}{1}\)

`->CuO` dư

Theo phương trình `(2)` \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,15mol\)

\(n_{CuO\left(pứ\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,15mol\)

\(\rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,15=0,25mol\)

\(m\left(g\right)\text{ chất rắn }\hept{\begin{cases}CuO_{dư}=0,25mol\\Cu=0,15mol\end{cases}}\)

\(\rightarrow m=0,15.64+0,25.80=29,6g\)

\(\%m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=\frac{0,25.80.100}{29,6}\approx67,6\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-67,6\%=32,4\%\)

a. \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2.7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

             0,1                                0,15

b. \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

c. \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : CuO + H₂ ---t^o---> Cu + H₂O

             0,15     0,15            0,15

Ta thấy : 0,4 > 0,15 =>  CuO dư , H₂ dư

\(\%CuO=\dfrac{0,15.80}{0,15.80+0,15.64}.100\%=55,55\%\)

\(\%Cu=100\%-55,55\%=44,45\%\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19.5}{65}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{98}{98}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{36}{80}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

\(0.3.....................................0.3\)

\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Cu+H_2O\)

\(0.3.......0.3.....0.3....0.3\)

\(m_{Cr}=m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}+m_{Cu}=\left(0.45-0.3\right)\cdot80+0.3\cdot64=31.2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2O}=0.3\cdot18=5.4\left(g\right)\)

Chúc em học tốt !!

a.b.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

 0,1                                   0,15  ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)

c.\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m_{CuO}}{M_{CuO}}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2mol\)

\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)

0,2   <  0,15                              ( mol )

0,15     0,15           0,15                ( mol )

\(m_A=m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}+m_{Cu}=\left[\left(0,2-0,15\right).80\right]+\left[0,15.64\right]=4+9,6=13,6g\)

a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

            0,2---------------------->0,3

=> V_H2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (l)

b)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{1}\) => CuO dư, H₂ hết

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

              0,3<--0,3------->0,3

=> Rắn sau pư gồm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Cu:0,3\left(mol\right)\\CuO\left(dư\right):0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,3.64}{0,3.64+0,1.80}.100\%=70,59\%\\\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,1.80}{0,3.64+0,1.80}.100\%=29,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)