Điều kiện \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4x-3x^2y-9xy^2}{x+3y}\ge0\\x+3y\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với \(3y\ge x\), hệ tương đương:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x^4-2x^2+4\right)\left(x^2+2\right)=6x^5y\\\left(3y-x\right)^2=\dfrac{4x}{x+3y}-3xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^6+8=6x^5y\left(1\right)\\x^3+27y^3=4x\end{matrix}\right.\left(I\right)\)

Vì \(x=0\) thì hệ vô nghiệm nên \(x\ne0\), khi đó:

\(\left(I\right)\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+\dfrac{8}{x^6}=\dfrac{6y}{x}\\1+\dfrac{27y^3}{x^3}=\dfrac{4}{x^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{3y}{x}=a,\dfrac{2}{x^2}=b\) ta được hệ:

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+a^3=2b\\1+b^3=2a\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải hệ này ta được \(a=b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3y}{x}=\dfrac{2}{x^2}\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{2}{3x}\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^6-4x^4+8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\x=-\sqrt{2}\\x=\sqrt{1+\sqrt{5}}\\x=-\sqrt{1+\sqrt{5}}\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH1: \(x=\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)

TH2: \(x=-\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow y=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)

TH3: \(x=\sqrt{1+\sqrt{5}}\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{2}{3\sqrt{1+\sqrt{5}}}\)

TH4: \(x=-\sqrt{1+\sqrt{5}}\Rightarrow y=-\dfrac{2}{3\sqrt{1+\sqrt{5}}}\)

Đối chiếu với các điều kiện ta được \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-\sqrt{1+\sqrt{5}};-\dfrac{2}{3\sqrt{1+\sqrt{5}}}\right)\)

a.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-y\right)^2-3\left(2x-y\right)=0\\x+2y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x-y-3\right)=0\\x+2y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=0\\x+2y=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y-3=0\\x+2y=0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{6}{5}\\y=-\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(\dfrac{2x-y}{x+y}>0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{\dfrac{2x-y}{x+y}}=t>0\) pt đầu trở thành:

\(t+\dfrac{1}{t}=2\Leftrightarrow t^2-2t+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t=1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{2x-y}{x+y}}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-y=x+y\Leftrightarrow x=2y\)

Thay xuống pt dưới:

\(6y+y=14\Rightarrow y=2\)

\(\Rightarrow x=4\)