\(A=4x^2-4xy+5y^2+20x-6y+2044\)

\(=\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+20x-6y+4y^2+2044\)

\(=\left(2x-y\right)^2+10\left(2x-y\right)+25+\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)+2018\)

\(=\left(2x-y+5\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+2018\ge2018\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(y=-\frac{1}{2};x=-\frac{11}{4}\)

Ta có \(A=4x^2-4xy+5y^2+20x-6y+2044\)

            \(=4x^2-4x\left(y-5\right)+\left(y-5\right)^2+4y^2+4y+1+2018\)

            \(=\left(2x-y+5\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+2018\)

Vì...\(\Rightarrow A\ge2018\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x-y+5=0\\2y+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{11}{4}\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}}\)

Mấy bạn giải chi tiết ra giùm mình

\(x^2+5y^2+9z^2-4xy-6yz+12\)

\(=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(y^2-6yz+9z^2\right)+12\)

\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(y-3z\right)^2+12\ge12\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y=0\\y-3z=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2y\\y=3z\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=6z\\y=3z\end{cases}}\)

Đặt \(A=-2x^2-y^2-2xy+4x+2y+2\)

\(-A=2x^2+y^2+2xy-3x-2y-2\)

\(-A=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+x^2-4x-2y-2\)

\(-A=\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)+1\right]+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-4\)

\(-A=\left(x+y-1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2-4\)

Mà  \(\left(x+y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)

       \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow-A\ge-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A\le4\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\)

Vậy  \(A_{Max}=4\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;0\right)\)

Đặt  \(B=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+27\)

\(B=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+y^2+10x-22y+27\)

\(B=\left[\left(x-2y\right)^2+2\left(x-2y\right)\times5+25\right]+\)\(\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+1\)

\(B=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+1\)

Mà  \(\left(x-2y+5\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)

       \(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)

\(\Rightarrow B\ge1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)

Vậy  \(B_{Min}=1\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(-3;1\right)\)

Khó quá do thi phuong nhung

\(M=2x^2+9y^2-6xy-6x-12y+2028\\ =3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(x^2+6x+9\right)+6\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2025\\ =\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(x-3\right)^2+6\left(y-1\right)^2+2025\ge2025\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) (vô lí) nên dấu \("="\) ko thể xảy ra

\(N=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\\ =\left(x^2+4y^2+25-4xy-20y+10x\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\\=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=5\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=7\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(M=2x^2+9y^2-6xy-6x-12y+2028=\left(x+2\right)^2-6y\left(x+2\right)+9y^2+\left(x-5\right)^2+1999=\left(x+2-3y\right)^2+\left(x-5\right)^2+2019\ge1999\)

\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\y=\dfrac{7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(N=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28=\left(x+5\right)^2-4y\left(x+5\right)+4y^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2=\left(x+5-2y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)

\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mình đang bận nên chỉ nói hướng làm thôi nhá. GTNN thì bạn cộng trừ 1, còn GTLN thì bạn cộng trừ 6. Sau đó bạn sẽ tách ra được thành a+(2x^2+y^2)/x^2+y^2