\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\) => ad = bc

=> ad - bd = bc - bd

=> d. ( a - b ) = b. ( c - d )

=> \(\frac{a-b}{b}=\frac{c-d}{d}\)( đpcm )

Ta có :  \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad=bc\)

                               \(\Rightarrow ad-bd=bc-bd\)

                              \(\Rightarrow d\left(a-b\right)=b\left(c-d\right)\)

                              \(\Rightarrow\frac{a-b}{b}=\frac{c-d}{d}\)

@Akai Haruma

\(\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}\)

\(>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)

\(=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=1\).

\(\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}< \frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}=\frac{a+c}{c+a}=1\)

\(\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{b}{b+d}+\frac{d}{d+b}=\frac{b+d}{d+b}=1\)

Suy ra đpcm. 

Giải:

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow a=bk,c=dk\)

Ta có:
\(\frac{ac}{bd}=\frac{bkdk}{bd}=k^2\) (1)

\(\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(bk\right)^2+\left(dk\right)^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2.k^2+d^2.k^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{k^2.\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\frac{ac}{bd}=\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Đặt vế trái là P, áp dụng AM-GM cho từng cặp:

\(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{4}\ge a\) ; \(\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{4}\ge b\) ; \(\frac{c^2}{c+d}+\frac{c+d}{4}\ge c\) ; \(\frac{d^2}{a+d}+\frac{a+d}{4}\ge d\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(P+\frac{a+b+c+d}{2}\ge a+b+c+d\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{a+b+c+d}{2}\)

\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d\)

Thử cách em xem sao?

\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\) (đúng)

"=" <=> a = b = c

Áp dụng bđt Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+d}+\frac{d^2}{d+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{2}\)

\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)