He lost his job. That’s why he’s unemployed now.

🡪 If   he hadn't lost his job, he wouldn't be unemployed now

Tom didn’t see the boss earlier. That’s why he is waiting for him now. 

🡪 If    Tom had seen the boss earlier, he wouldn't be waiting for him now

Mary is feeling ill, because she drank so much last night. 

🡪 If    Mary hadn't drunk so much last night, she wouldn't be feeling ill

Rewrite each for the following sentences. Keep the meaning the same.

1. If you often go swimming, you'll keep fit.

Swimming will help.......you keep fit....................

2. It is bad for your heart if you eat too much meat.

Eating too much meat.......is bad for your heart ..................

3. Tom didn't want to go to school because he had a temperature.

Tom had a temperature,.......so he didn't want to go to school .......................

4. Jill doesn't like apples, so she doesn't eat them.

Jill ......doesn't eat apples because she doesn't..............................like them.

5. Mary studies very well, but she never gets high marks in the class.

Although ...............Mary studies very well, she never gets high marks..........................................in the class.

Rewrite each for the following sentences. Keep the meaning the same.

1. If you often go swimming, you'll keep fit.

Swimming will help.....you keep fit.....

2. It is bad for your heart if you eat too much meat.

Eating too much meat.....is bad for your heart.....

3. Tom didn't want to go to school because he had a temperature.

Tom had a temperature.....so he didn't go to school.....

4. Jill doesn't like apples, so she doesn't eat them.

Jill .....doesn't eat apples beause she doesn't.....like them.

5. Mary studies very well, but she never gets high marks in the class.

Although ......Mary studies very well, she never gets high marks.......in the class.

Read the situation and write a sentence with “If”.

1. She doesn’t have any friends, so she feels lonely.

If ………she had some friends, she wouldn't feel lonely.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Katie is usually tired because she works too much.

If … Katie didn't work so much, she wouldn't usually be tired.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. I can’t reply his email because I don’t know German.

If … I knew German, I could reply to his email.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. This boy eats too much snacks. That’s why he is so fat.

If ……this boy didn't eat too many snacks, he wouldn't be so fat.………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. I think you should spend more time reading English books.

If  I were you, I would spend more time reading English books.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. He doesn’t watch horror films because he has a weak heart.

If …he didn't have weak heart, he could watch horror films.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. You never check your writing, so you make a lot of mistakes.

If …you checked your writing, you wouldn't make a lot of mistakes.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. We can’t attend English class because we don’t have free time.

If … we had free time, we could attend English class.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. Mai often talks to foreigners. That’s why she is fluent in English.

If ……Mai didn't often talk to foreigners, she couldn't be fluent in English.………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. I never do my homework, so my teacher always gets angry with me.

If … I did my homework, my teacher wouldn't get angry with me.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

16)  Mary didn’t go to school yesterday because she was sick.

>> Because of her sickness, Mary didn’t go to school yesterday 

17)  She went to bed early because she felt tired.

>>Because of feeling tired,  She went to bed early 

18)  Margaret stayed at home because her mother was sick.

>> Because of her mother's sickness, Margaret stayed at home

19)  I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult.

>> Because of the difficult test, I couldn’t do the test 

20)   I couldn’t read the letter because it was dark.

>> Because of the darkness, I couldn’t read the letter 

21)   I can’t study because it is noisy.

>> Because of the noise, I can’t study 

22)  The train come late because it was foggy.

>> Because of the fog, The train come late 

23)   The train was late because the fog was thick.

>> Because of the thick fog, The train was late

24)  I can’t sleep because the weather is hot.

>> Because of the hot weather, I can’t sleep

25)  All the teacher love him because his conduct is good.

>> Because of his good conduct, All the teacher love him

26)  Because there was a traffic accident, I went to school late.

>> Because of the traffic accident, I went to school late.

27)  Because there is a  shortage of meet, we had to live on beans.

>> Because of a shortage of meet, we had to live on beans.

28)  Because there was a lack of water, many trees died rapidly.

>> Because of  a lack of water, many trees died rapidly.

29)  She walked slowly because her leg was injured.

>> Because of her injured leg, She walked slowly

30)  Because it was sunny, we decided to go camping.

>> Because of the sunny weather, we decided to go camping.

1.I can’t join the party because I have to study.

→If I didn’t have to study, I could join the party.

2.She is overweight because she eats too much meat.

→If she didn’t eat too much meat, she wouldn’t be overweight.

3.I don't know her phone number, so I don't ring her up.

→If I knew her phone number, I would ring her up.           

4.I don't know enough about the machine, so I can't mend it myself.

→If I knew enough about the machine, I could mend it myself.

5.I don't have free time, so I can’t go shopping with you.   

→If I had free time, I could go shopping with you.

6.He isn’t free, so he can’t help you.

→If he were free, he could help you.

7. Mary doesn’t buy this shirt because she doesn’t have enough money.

→If Mary had enough money, she would buy that shirt.

8.Our cat is called William. We’ve had him for five years.

→Our cat, which we had for five years, is called William.

9.Yesterday I met Tom. His son is cute.

→Yesterday I met Tom, whose son is cute.

10. We moved to Paris. We have lived there for 6 years.

→We moved to Paris where we have lived for 6 years.

11.The last time I went to Sapa was in May. The weather then was beautiful.

→The weather was beautiful the last time I went to Sapa in May.

If she works hard, she will earn a lot of money.

If she works hard, she will earn a lot of money.

He plays basketball very well

-> He's a good basketball player

He studies well

->He's a good student

We get lost because we don't have a map

->If we had a map, we wouldn't get lost

Because i'm sick, i can't go out

->If I weren't sick, I could go out

Mary misses the bus because she doesn't get->get up early

->If Mary got up early, she wouldn't miss the bus

He plays basketball very well
=> He's a good basketball player.
He studies well
=> He's a good student.
We get lost because we don't have a map
=> If we had a map, we didn't get lost.
Because i'm sick, i can't go out
=> If I wasn't sick, I could go out.
Mary misses the bus because she doesn't get early
=> If Mary got up early, she won't miss the train.