Cho\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=0\). Tính:
\(C=\left(\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{x^2y^2}-z^2\right)\left(\dfrac{y^2+z^2}{y^2z^2}-x^2\right)\left(\dfrac{z^2+x^2}{z^2x^2}-y^2\right)\)
Cho các số x, y, z dương thỏa mãn: \(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}=3\)
Cmr: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(2x+y+z\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2y+z+x\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2z+x+y\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{3}{16}\)
Thay $x=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2,5}}; y=z=\sqrt{\frac{1}{0,25}}$ ta thấy đề sai bạn nhé!
Cho biểu thức \(A=\left(\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{x^2y^2}-\dfrac{1}{z^2}\right)\left(\dfrac{y^2+z^2}{y^2z^2}-\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)\left(\dfrac{z^2+x^2}{z^2x^2}-\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)\)
Trong đó \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=0\) .Chứng minh A luôn có giá trị âm với mọi x,y,z#0
cho 3 số thực x,y,z>0 thoả mãn \(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}=1\).Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức :P=\(\dfrac{y^2z^2}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)}+\dfrac{z^2x^2}{y\left(z^2+x^2\right)}+\dfrac{x^2y^2}{z\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
ta có:\(P=\sum\dfrac{y^2z^2}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)}=\sum\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{x}}{\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}\)
đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{x};\dfrac{1}{y};\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\)thì giả thiết trở thành : \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\).tìm Min \(P=\dfrac{a}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{b}{a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{c}{a^2+b^2}\)
ta có:\(\dfrac{a}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{1-a^2}=\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(1-a^2\right)}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy:
\(\left[a\left(1-a^2\right)\right]^2=\dfrac{1}{2}.2a^2\left(1-a^2\right)\left(1-a^2\right)\le\dfrac{1}{54}\left(2a^2+1-a^2+1-a^2\right)^3=\dfrac{4}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(1-a^2\right)\le\dfrac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(1-a^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}a^2\)
tương tự với các phân thức còn lại ta có:
\(P\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
hay \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=a\\\dfrac{1}{y}=b\\\dfrac{1}{z}=c\end{matrix}\right.\) Thì bài toán trở thành
Cho \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\) tính GTNN của \(P=\dfrac{a}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{b}{c^2+a^2}+\dfrac{c}{a^2+b^2}\)
Ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=1-c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c}{a^2+b^2}=\dfrac{c^2}{c\left(1-c^2\right)}\)
Mà ta có: \(2c^2\left(1-c^2\right)\left(1-c^2\right)\le\dfrac{\left(2c^2+1-c^2+1-c^2\right)^3}{27}=\dfrac{8}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow c\left(1-c^2\right)\le\dfrac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c^2}{c\left(1-c^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}c^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c}{a^2+b^2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}c^2}{2}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b}{c^2+a^2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}b^2}{2}\left(2\right)\\\dfrac{a}{b^2+c^2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}a^2}{2}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (1), (2), (3) \(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\) hay \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
Chuẩn hóa chuẩn hóa, thuần nhất như sau
Dự đoán dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\) ta tìm được \(P=\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
Ta chứng minh nó là GTNN của \(P\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\dfrac{y^2z^2}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}}\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\dfrac{y^3z^3}{y^2+z^2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{3x^4y^4z^4}{x^2y^2+x^2z^2+y^2z^2}}\). Cho \(\left(yz;xz;xy\right)\rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)\)
Khi đó ta cần chứng minh \(Σ\dfrac{a^3}{\dfrac{ac}{b}+\dfrac{ab}{c}}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{3a^2b^2c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}}\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\dfrac{a^2}{b^2+c^2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{a^2+b^2+c^2}}\) từ BĐT cuối thuần nhất ta có thể chuẩn hóa \(a^2+b^2+c^2=3\)
Nghĩa là ta cần c/m \(Σ\dfrac{a}{3-a^2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(\dfrac{a}{3-a^2}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+3\right)}{3-a^2}\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+3\right)}{\left(3-a^2\right)}-\left(a^2-1\right)\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\dfrac{a\left(a+2\right)\left(a-1\right)^2}{3-a^2}\ge0\). Done !!
Cho a, b, c > 0 thỏa mãn a + b + c = 3. Tìm GTLN của
\(P=\dfrac{x}{\left(2x+y+z\right)^2}+\dfrac{y}{\left(2y+x+z\right)^2}+\dfrac{z}{\left(2z+y+x\right)^2}\)
Chắc đề là \(x+y+z=3\)
Ta có:
\(\left(2x+y+z\right)^2=\left(x+y+x+z\right)^2\ge4\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{x}{4\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\dfrac{y}{4\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{z}{4\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(z+x\right)+z\left(x+y\right)}{4\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=\dfrac{xy+yz+zx}{2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
Mặt khác:
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-\sqrt[3]{xyz}.\sqrt[3]{xy.yz.zx}\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(x+y+z\right).\dfrac{1}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(zy+yz+zx\right)=\dfrac{8}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{xy+yz+zx}{2.\dfrac{8}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\dfrac{3}{16}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Cho x,y,z>0 thỏa mãn xyz=1. Tìm min \(P=\dfrac{x^2\left(y+z\right)}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{y^2\left(z+x\right)}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{z^2\left(x+y\right)}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy:
\(P=\sum\dfrac{x^2\left(y+z\right)}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}\ge\sum\dfrac{2x^2\sqrt{yz}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}=\sum\dfrac{2\sqrt{x^3}\sqrt{xyz}}{\sqrt{y^3}+2\sqrt{z^3}}=\sum\dfrac{2\sqrt{x^3}}{\sqrt{y^3}+2\sqrt{z^3}}\)(vì xyz=1).
đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^3}=a\\\sqrt{y^3}=b\\\sqrt{z^3}=c\end{matrix}\right.\)(\(a,b,c>0\))thì giả thiết trở thành cho abc=1. tìm Min \(P=\dfrac{2a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{2b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{2c}{a+2b}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy-schwarz:
\(P=2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{ab+2ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+2ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ac+2bc}\right)\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=2\)( AM-GM \(3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2\))
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=1 hay x=y=z=1
1. Cho \(x,y,z\) là 3 số thực dương thõa mản xyz = 1. C/m BĐT
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(2x+y+z\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2x+y+z\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2x+y+z\right)^2}\le\dfrac{3}{16}\)
2. Cho x,y,z không âm và thõa mản \(x^2+y^2+z^2=1\). C/m BĐT
\(\left(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y^2+1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z^2+1}}\right)\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
1. Theo BĐT AM - GM, ta có:
\(\Sigma\dfrac{1}{\left(2x+y+z\right)^2}=\Sigma\dfrac{1}{\left\{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)\right\}^2}\le\Sigma\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)
Do đó BĐT ban đầu sẽ đúng nếu ta C/m được
\(\Sigma\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\le\dfrac{3}{16}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)\le\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\le\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
Nhưng điều này đúng vì \(xy+yz+zx\ge\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}=3\) và theo bổ đề bên trên. Từ đó ta có điều phải chứng minh. Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
( Còn bài 2 để suy nghĩ rồi tối đăng cho nha )
Cho các số thực x, y, z thỏa mãn \(7\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\right)=6\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}\right)=2016\).
Tìm max: \(P=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(2x^2+y^2\right)}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(2y^2+z^2\right)}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(2z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
Cho các số thực x, y, z thỏa mãn \(7\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\right)=6\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}\right)=2016\).
Tìm max: \(P=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(2x^2+y^2\right)}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(2y^2+z^2\right)}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(2z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
Ta có BĐT:
\(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}\le\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}\right)+2016\le6\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)+2016\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7.\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)\le6\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)+2016\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\le2016\)
Xét \(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(2x^2+y^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(2y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(2z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
\(P^2=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+y^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y^2+z^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z^2+x^2}}\right)^2\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki ta có:
\(P^2\le\left(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2\right)\left(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+y^2}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y^2+z^2}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z^2+x^2}}\right)^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P^2\le\frac{1}{2x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2y^2+z^2}+\frac{1}{2z^2+x^2}\)
Mặt khác ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2x^2+y^2}=\frac{1}{x^2+x^2+y^2}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2y^2+z^2}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2z^2+x^2}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)\le\frac{1}{3}.2016=672\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le4\sqrt{42}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{\frac{1}{672}}\)
Dễ có: \(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\ge\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}\)
\(gt\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\le2016\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(2x^2+y^2\right)}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(2+1\right)\left(2x^2+y^2\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2x+y}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\le\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{3\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{Z^2}\right)}\le\sqrt{\frac{2016}{3}}\)
1) Cho x,y,z dương thỏa mãn xyz=8 CMR:
\(\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+2x+4}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+2y+4}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+2z+4}\ge1\)
2) Cho x,y,z >0 và xyz=1 CMR:
(x+\(\dfrac{1}{y}-1\)) \(\left(y+\dfrac{1}{z}-1\right)\left(z+\dfrac{1}{x}-1\right)\le1\)
Bài 1:
\((x,y,z)=(\frac{2a^2}{bc}; \frac{2b^2}{ca}; \frac{2c^2}{ab})\) (\(a,b,c>0\) )
Khi đó:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{\frac{4a^4}{b^2c^2}}{\frac{4a^4}{b^2c^2}+\frac{4a^2}{bc}+1}+\frac{\frac{4b^4}{c^2a^2}}{\frac{4b^4}{c^2a^2}+\frac{4b^2}{ca}+4}+\frac{\frac{4c^4}{a^2b^2}}{\frac{4c^4}{a^2b^2}+\frac{4c^2}{ab}+4}\)
\(=\frac{a^4}{a^4+a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{b^4}{b^4+b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{c^4}{c^4+c^2ab+a^2b^2}\)
\(\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{a^4+b^4+c^4+a^2bc+b^2ac+c^2ab+(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)}\)
(Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy_Schwarz)
Theo BĐT Cauchy dễ thấy:
\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq a^2bc+b^2ca+c^2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{a^4+b^4+c^4+2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)}=\frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$ hay $x=y=z=2$
Bài 2:
Đặt \((x,y,z)=\left(\frac{a}{b};\frac{b}{c}; \frac{c}{a}\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\text{VT}=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{b}-1\right)\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{a}{c}-1\right)\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b}{a}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{(a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)}{abc}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\((a+c-b)(b+a-c)\leq \left(\frac{a+c-b+b+a-c}{2}\right)^2=a^2\)
\((b+a-c)(c+b-a)\leq \left(\frac{b+a-c+c+b-a}{2}\right)^2=b^2\)
\((a+c-b)(c+b-a)\leq \left(\frac{a+c-b+c+b-a}{2}\right)^2=c^2\)
Nhân theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow [(a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)]^2\leq (abc)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow (a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)\leq abc\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq 1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$ hay $x=y=z=1$