1.

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0.075\left(mol\right)\)

\(T=\dfrac{0.1}{0.075}=1.33\)

=> Tạo ra 2 muối

\(n_{CaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=b\left(mol\right)\)

Khi đó :

\(a+b=0.075\)

\(a+2b=0.1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.05\\b=0.025\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{sp}=0.05\cdot100+0.025\cdot162=9.05\left(g\right)\)

2.

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1.12}{22.4}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0.2\cdot0.2=0.04\left(mol\right)\)

\(T=\dfrac{0.005}{0.04}=1.25\)

=> Tạo ra 2 muối

\(n_{BaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Ba\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=b\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có : 

\(a+b=0.04\)

\(a+2b=0.05\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.03\\b=0.01\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{BaCO_3}=0.03\cdot197=5.91\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)

\(0.1...............0.1\)

\(C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.2}=0.5\left(M\right)\)

Bài 23 : 

n BaCO3 = 0,1(mol) > n Ba(OH)2 = 0,15 mol

- TH1 : Ba(OH)2 dư

$Ba(OH)_2 + CO_2 \to BaCO_3 + H_2O$

n CO2 = n BaCO3 = 0,1(mol)

=> V = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 lít

- TH1 : BaCO3 bị hòa tan một phần

$Ba(OH)_2 + CO_2 \to BaCO_3 + H_2O(1)$
$Ba(OH)_2 + 2CO_2 \to Ba(HCO_3)_2(2)$

n CO2(1) = n Ba(OH)2 (1) = n BaCO3 = 0,1(mol)

=> n Ba(OH)2 (2) = 0,15 - 0,1 = 0,05(mol)

=> n CO2 (2) = 2n Ba(OH)2 (2) = 0,1(mol)

=> V = (0,1 + 0,1).22,4 = 4,48 lít

Bài 24 : 

$Ca(OH)_2 + CO_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O$

n Ca(OH)2 = n CO2 = 2,24/22,4 = 0,1(mol)

CM Ca(OH)2 = 0,1/0,2 = 0,5M

Bài 27 : 

n CO2 = 0,1(mol)

Ta có : 

 n CO2 /  n Ca(OH)2 = 0,1/0,25 = 0,4 < 1

Do đó, sản phẩm muối gồm CaCO3 do Ca(OH)2 dư

Câu 25 : 

$CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O$

$2CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to Ca(HCO_3)_2$

Vì thu được hai muối nên : 

1 < a/b < 2

<=> b < a < 2b

a, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ca\left(OH\right)2}=C_M.V=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(BTNT\left(Ca\right):n_{Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)2}-n_{CaCO3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(BTNT\left(C\right):n_{CO2}=n_{CaCO3}+2n_{Ca\left(HCO3\right)2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{CO2}=13,44l\)

b, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{BaCO3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}=C_M.V=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(BTNT\left(Ba\right):n_{Ba\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}-n_{BaCO3}=0,175\left(mol\right)\)

\(BTNT\left(C\right):n_{CO2}=n_{BaCO3}+2n_{Ba\left(HCO3\right)2}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{CO2}=8,4l\)

c, Ta có : \(1< T=\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{SO2}}=1,875< 2\)

- Áp dụng phương pháp đường chéo :

Ta được : \(\dfrac{n_{NaHSO3}}{n_{Na2SO3}}=\dfrac{1}{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow7n_{NaHSO3}-n_{Na2SO3}=0\)

\(BTNT\left(Na\right):n_{NaHSO3}+2n_{Na2SO3}=0,375\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaHSO3}=0,025\\n_{Na2SO3}=0,175\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_M=24,65g\)

Đáp án C

nCO₂ = 0,12 mol; nCa(OH)₂ = 0,15 mol; nKOH= 0,075 mol

nOH^- = 2nCa(OH)₂ + nKOH = 0,375 mol

=> nOH^-/nCO₂ = 0,375/0,12 = 3,125 > 2 => Tạo muối trung hòa CO₃^2-

CO₂ + 2OH^- → CO₃ ^2- + H₂O

0,12→0,24→      0,12

=> nCaCO₃ = 0,12 mol => m↓ = 12 gam

\(a.n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ a.Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\\ 0,25.......0,25............0,25..........0,25\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,1}=2,5\left(M\right)\\ b.m_{\downarrow}=m_{CaCO_3}=100.0,25=25\left(g\right)\)

\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\\ n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100=10\left(g\right)\)

$n_{Ca(OH)_2} = \dfrac{185.20\%}{74} = 0,5(mol)$

$n_{CaCO_3} = 0,3(mol)$

TH1 : Ca(OH)₂ dư

Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O

0,3..............0,3.........0,3........................(mol)

V = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 lít

$m_{dd} = 0,3.44 + 185 - 30 = 168,2(gam)$

$C\%_{Ca(OH)_2\ dư} = \dfrac{(0,5 - 0,3).74}{168,2}.100\% = 8,8\%$

TH2 : Có tạo muối axit

Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O

0,3..............0,3.........0,3........................(mol)

Ca(OH)₂ + 2CO₂ → Ca(HCO₃)₂

0,2.............0,4...............0,2.........................(mol)

V = (0,3 + 0,4).22,4 = 15,68 lít

$m_{dd} = 0,7.44 + 185 - 30 = 185,8(gam)$

$C\%_{Ca(HCO_3)_2} = \dfrac{0,2.162}{185,8}.100\% = 17,4\%$

Theo gt ta có: $n_{Ca(OH)_2}=\frac{92}{185}(mol)$

+, Xét trường hợp 1: Chỉ tạo muối $CaCO_3$

$\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,3(mol)\Rightarrow V=6,72(l)$

Bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: $m_{dd}=167,2(g)$

$\Rightarrow \%C_{Ca(OH)_2}=8,73\%$

+, Xét trường hợp 2: Tạo 2 muối

Bảo toàn Ca ta có: $n_{Ca(HCO_3)_2}=\frac{73}{370}(mol)$

Bảo toàn C ta có: $n_{CO_2}=\frac{257}{370}(mol)\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=15,56(l)$

$\Rightarrow \%m_{Ca(HCO_3)_2}=17,3\%$