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Hal Varian, chief economist at Google, has a simple way to predict the future. The future is simply what rich people have today. The rich have chauffeurs. In the future, we will have driverless cars that chauffeur us all around. The rich have private bankers. In the future, we will all have robo-bankers.

One thing that we imagine that the rich have today are lives of leisure. So will our future be one in which we too have lives of leisure, and the machines are taking the sweat? We will be able to spend our time on more important things than simply feeding and housing ourselves?

Let’s turn to another chief economist. Andy Haldane is chief economist at the Bank of England. In November 2015, he predicted that 15 million jobs in the UK, roughly half of all jobs, were under threat from automation. You’d hope he knew what he was talking about.

And he’s not the only one making dire predictions. Politicians. Bankers. Industrialists. They’re all saying a similar thing.

“We need urgently to face the challenge of automation, robotics that could make so much of contemporary work redundant”, Jeremy Corbyn at the Labour Party Conference in September 2017.

“World Bank data has predicted that the proportion of jobs threatened by automation in India is 69 percent, 77 percent in China and as high as 85 percent in Ethiopia”, according to World Bank president Jim Yong Kim in 2016.

It really does sound like we might be facing the end of work as we know it.

Many of these fears can be traced back to a 2013 study from the University of Oxford. This made a much quoted prediction that 47% of jobs in the US were under threat of automation in the next two decades. Other more recent and detailed studies have made similar dramatic predictions.

Now, there’s a lot to criticize in the Oxford study. From a technical perspective, some of report’s predictions are clearly wrong. The report gives a 94% probability that bicycle repair person will be automated in the next two decades. And, as someone trying to build that future, I can reassure any bicycle repair person that there is zero chance that we will automate even small parts of your job anytime soon. The truth of the matter is no one has any real idea of the number of jobs at risk.

Even if we have as many as 47% of jobs automated, this won’t translate into 47% unemployment. One reason is that we might just work a shorter week. That was the case in the Industrial Revolution. Before the Industrial Revolution, many worked 60 hours per week. After the Industrial Revolution, work reduced to around 40 hours per week. The same could happen with the unfolding AI Revolution.

Another reason that 47% automation won’t translate into 47% unemployment is that all technologies create new jobs as well as destroy them. That’s been the case in the past, and we have no reason to suppose that it won’t be the case in the future. There is, however, no fundamental law of economics that requires the same number of jobs to be created as destroyed. In the past, more jobs were created than destroyed but it doesn’t have to be so in the future.

In the Industrial Revolution, machines took over many of the physical tasks we used to do. But we humans were still left with all the cognitive tasks. This time, as machines start to take on many of the cognitive tasks too, there’s the worrying question: what is left for us humans?

Some of my colleagues suggest there will be plenty of new jobs like robot repair person. I am entirely unconvinced by such claims. The thousands of people who used to paint and weld in most of our car factories got replaced by only a couple of robot repair people.

No, the new jobs will have to be doing jobs where either humans excel or where we choose not to have machines. But here’s the contradiction. In fifty to hundred years time, machines will be super-human. So it’s hard to imagine of any job where humans will remain better than the machines. This means the only jobs left will be those where we prefer humans to do them.

The AI Revolution then will be about rediscovering the things that make us human. Technically, machines will have become amazing artists. They will be able to write music to rival Bach, and paintings to match Picasso. But we’ll still prefer works produced by human artists.

These works will speak to the human experience. We will appreciate a human artist who speaks about love because we have this in common. No machine will truly experience love like we do.

As well as the artistic, there will be a re-appreciation of the artisan. Indeed, we see the beginnings of this already in hipster culture. We will appreciate more and more those things made by the human hand. Mass-produced goods made by machine will become cheap. But items made by hand will be rare and increasingly valuable.

Finally as social animals, we will also increasingly appreciate and value social interactions with other humans. So the most important human traits will be our social and emotional intelligence, as well as our artistic and artisan skills. The irony is that our technological future will not be about technology but all about our humanity.

Toby Walsh is Professor of Artificial Intelligence at the University of New South Wales, in Sydney, Australia. His new book, “Android Dreams: the past, present and future of Artificial Intelligence” was published in the UK by Hurst Publishers in September 2017. It’s available from the Guardian Bookshop. You can read more at his blog, http://thefutureofai.blogspot.com/

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The Guardian is editorially independent, meaning we set our own agenda. Our journalism is free from commercial bias and not influenced by billionaire owners, politicians or shareholders. No one edits our editor. No one steers our opinion. This is important as it enables us to give a voice to those less heard, challenge the powerful and hold them to account. It’s what makes us different to so many others in the media, at a time when factual, honest reporting is critical.

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Advantages :))

Science and technology has become a debated topic in the society. On one hand, it is necessary for the modern life where other countries are continuously developing in the field of science and technology. It becomes very necessary for other countries too to grow in the same way to be strong and well developed like other countries for the future safety and security. It is science and technology which helps other weak countries to develop and be strong. We have to take support of science and technology forever to improve the way of life for the betterment of mankind. If we do not take the help of technologies such as computer, internet, electricity, etc we cannot be economically strong in the future and would be backward forever even we cannot survive in such a competitive and technological world.

Advancement in the field of medical, agriculture, education, economy, sports, games, jobs, tourism, etc are the examples of science and technology. All such advancements show us that how both are equally beneficial for our life. We can see a clear difference in our life style while matching the ancient and modern way of life. High level of scientific and technological advancement in the field of medicine has made easy the treatment of various lethal diseases which was earlier not possible. It has helped a lot to the doctors to find effective ways to cure diseases through medicine or operations as well as research vaccines to cure diseases such as cancer, AIDS, diabetes, Alzheimer’s, Leukemia, etc.

Disadvantagesssss :)))

Disadvantages of science not much but technology, yes. Technology has in our lives helped in creating comfort, increasing productivity and connecting more of us with each other. While it has some advantages like I can effortlessly travel between two far away places, do more stuff in a day and talk to my mom and dad over the internet where we are miles away from each other, it has its pitfalls.

First, it has made us move less than we used to. We don't walk much as our ancestors did. We don't lift things to clean, slog and move our muscles to do household chores. This makes one of the greatest problems of the western world - obesity.

Secondly, increased productivity and better refrigeration means increased production of processed foods. Junk foods with high concentrations of sugar and fat. Again a problem that is faced globally and in more in the western world like diabetes, high cholesterol, coronary heart disease. Etc.

Thirdly, connecting more of us with each other. This is a boon and a bane. When you are Connected it's not just you who gets access to the internet but also that the internet has access to you. This can have adverse consequences if not used cautiously like cyber data crimes - e.g. The recent Facebook-Cambridge analytica issue which led to personally identifiable information to be sold without consent to a third party by Facebook.

Finally, it's not just the technology to be really blamed here. It's the abuse of technology like misusing or total reliance on technology for basic tasks that make it a disadvantage.

To clearly see the role of science and technology in economic growth, it is important to understand the concepts of: what is science, what is technology, between science and technology? Science is a conscious system of phenomena, things, laws of social nature and thought. The purpose of science is to search, to explain the cause of things, phenomena, processes in nature and society of thought. The content of science answers the "why" question. According to the approach from the way of organizing scientific research people divided into basic science and applied science. If science is a consciousness system, technology is a collection of methods, procedures, techniques, know-how, tools, means to convert resources into desired products and services. Technology has four elements: tools, people, information and organization. These four elements interact with one another and together carry out the production process, referring to technology, which refers to " how".

Education has always been the top national policy that the Party and the state set out in the missions to build the country. And schools have a huge role to play in education development. The school contributes to educating the young generation, the future owners of the country. And a good land to cultivate knowledge for each person, a stepping stone for each of us to reach a brilliant future.

It can be said that the school is the place to transmit knowledge and knowledge to students. The knowledge transferred from the school has a high level of standardization, science, and clear orientation and methods. Schools in general and the education and training sector in particular have a great role and influence in the training of talent, a qualified and qualified workforce for economic development- society of a country.

Learning is a lifelong job, there are people who spend almost their entire life on learning and acquiring new knowledge. And knowledge is endless, sometimes it makes people wonder where to begin to acquire or which knowledge is good. School is the place to help us do that. When studying at school, each student will be equipped with the necessary and appropriate textbooks for each age, which are books that summarize useful knowledge of natural sciences and social sciences. , interestingly, combined with enthusiastic and enthusiastic lectures of teachers that students will easily absorb that knowledge. In the hustle and bustle of society, it is very difficult for an individual without knowledge to grasp and apply modern scientific achievements of humanity, and then become lagging behind many people. other. School is the place that prepares us to equip us firmly with knowledge to confidently enter the future life.

In short, the school's education is a very important stepping stone for the development of citizens and leading to a beautiful future for the country and students in the future.

  i think in the future, the relationship between the teacher and the student will change. We see teachers act as instructors rather than knowledge, so when schools change, students can be fully autonomous, self-taught in the way they feel most appropriate. Second, the Internet is everywhere with unbelievably fast speeds. Students will be connected around the world in virtual spaces and anyone can make a request to the global community to help solve a problem. taught from all over the world through hologram and virtual reality glasses, and it is possible that students in each class are segregated according to level and skill level. Due to the abundant number of teachers and not limited teaching space, the classes will have fewer and fewer students, creating an intensive teaching process, the more, the more technology develops, meaning is that the division of class will be more pronounced (even today there is a division of classes). And pens, paper, boards or chalk remained in memory and were completely replaced by electronic touch boards. The lesson will be more vivid thanks to 360 images, virtual reality glasses, and 3-dimensional virtual images. The course materials will therefore be much more vivid. A Spanish teacher can take the class to Mexico City to meet the locals and practice conversations using virtual reality glasses. Geography or Astronomy class, the whole Milky Way will be shown around students thanks to hologram technology. Every student going to school will have a robot accompanying him. Those are the visions of nothing too far-fetched when life is powered by technology.

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