a) Từ \(9x=3y=2z\) ta chia các vế cho 18 (là BCNN của 9, 3 và 2) ta được:

  \(\frac{9x}{18}=\frac{3y}{18}=\frac{2z}{18}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{z}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{z}{9}=\frac{x-y+z}{2-6+9}=\frac{50}{5}=10\)

=> \(\frac{x}{2}=10\Rightarrow x=10.2=20\)

    \(\frac{y}{6}=10\Rightarrow y=10.6=60\)

  \(\frac{z}{9}=10\Rightarrow z=10.9=90\)

b) Đặt \(k=\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{2}=\frac{z}{-3}\)

=> \(x=5k\) ; \(x=2k\) ; \(z=-3k\)    (*)

Biết xyz = 240 => \(5k.2k.\left(-3k\right)=240\)

\(\Rightarrow-30k^3=240\)

\(\Rightarrow k^3=-8\)

\(\Rightarrow k=-2\)

Thay vào (*) ta được

\(x=5k=5.\left(-2\right)=-10\)

​\(y=2k=-4\)​

\(z=-3k=6\)

a)\(\hept{\begin{cases}9x=3y=2z\\x-y+z=50\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{\frac{1}{9}}=\frac{y}{\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{1}{2}}\\x-y+z=50\end{cases}}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :

\(\frac{x}{\frac{1}{9}}=\frac{y}{\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{x-y+z}{\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{50}{\frac{5}{18}}=180\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=20\\y=60\\z=90\end{cases}}\)

b) Đặt \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{2}=\frac{z}{-3}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5k\\y=2k\\z=-3k\end{cases}}\)

xyz = 240 <=> 5k.2k.(-3)k = 240

                 <=> -30k³ = 240

                 <=> k³ = -8

                 <=> k³ = (-2)³

                 <=> k = -2

=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=-10\\y=-4\\z=6\end{cases}}\)

1, \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{2y}{3}=\frac{3z}{4}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{z}{\frac{4}{3}}=k\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2k\\y=\frac{3}{2}k\\z=\frac{4}{3}k\end{cases}}\)

Mà xyz = -108

\(\Leftrightarrow2k.\frac{3}{2}k.\frac{4}{3}k=-108\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4k^3=-108\)

<=> k³ = -27

<=> k = -3

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2k=2.-3=-6\\y=\frac{3}{2}k=\frac{3}{2}.\left(-3\right)=\frac{-9}{2}\\z=\frac{4}{3}k=\frac{4}{3}.\left(-3\right)=-4\end{cases}}\)

2, \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{7}=\frac{z}{8}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x}{10}=\frac{3y}{21}=\frac{4z}{32}\)

Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có: 

\(\frac{2x}{10}=\frac{3y}{21}=\frac{4z}{32}=\frac{2x+3y-4z}{10+21-32}=\frac{15}{-1}=-15\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{5}=-15\\\frac{y}{7}=-15\\\frac{z}{8}=-15\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-75\\y=-105\\z=-120\end{cases}}\)

3, 3x = 5y \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{55}=\frac{y}{33}\)

    2y = 11z \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{11}=\frac{z}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{33}=\frac{z}{6}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{55}=\frac{y}{33}=\frac{z}{6}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{110}=\frac{5y}{165}=\frac{z}{6}\)

Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\frac{2x}{110}=\frac{5y}{165}=\frac{z}{6}=\frac{2x+5y-z}{110+165-6}=\frac{34}{269}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{55}=\frac{34}{269}\\\frac{y}{33}=\frac{34}{269}\\\frac{z}{6}=\frac{34}{269}\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1870}{269}\\y=\frac{1122}{269}\\z=\frac{204}{269}\end{cases}}\)

4, \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{2}{y}=\frac{z}{4}=k\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3k\\y=\frac{2}{k}\\z=4k\end{cases}}\)

Mà xyz = 240

<=> 3k . 2/k . 4k = 240

<=> 24k = 240

<=> k = 10

 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3k=3.10=30\\y=\frac{2}{k}=\frac{2}{10}=\frac{1}{5}\\z=4k=4.10=40\end{cases}}\)

Đặt  \(\frac{x}{4}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}=kak\left(kak\ne0\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4kak\\y=3kak\\z=5kak\end{cases}}\)

Mà  \(x^2+y^2+z^2=200\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4kak\right)^2+\left(3kak\right)^2+\left(5kak\right)^2=200\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16.kak^2+9.kak^2+25.kak^2=200\)

\(\Leftrightarrow kak^2.\left(16+9+25\right)=200\)

\(\Leftrightarrow kak^2.50=200\)

\(\Leftrightarrow kak^2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}kak=2\\kak=-2\end{cases}}\)

+) Với  \(kak=2\)thì  \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=4kak=8\\y=3kak=6\\z=5kak=10\end{cases}}\)

+) Với  \(kak=-2\)thì  \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=4kak=-8\\y=3kak=-6\\z=5kak=-10\end{cases}}\)

Vậy ...

Đặt  \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}=k\left(k\ne0\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2k\\y=3k\\z=5k\end{cases}}\)

Ta có :  \(xyz=-30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2k\times3k\times5k=-30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow30k^3=-30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow k^3=-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow k=-1\)

Thay vào ta được :

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2k=-2\\y=3k=-3\\z=5k=-5\end{cases}}\)

Vậy ...

\(b,\frac{x}{4}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{16}=\frac{y^2}{9}=\frac{z^2}{25}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{16+9+25}\)

\(=\frac{200}{50}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{16}=\frac{y^2}{9}=\frac{z^2}{25}=4\)

Đến đây bn tính nốt nhé@_@

a, \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4};\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}\)

Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau 

\(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}=\frac{2x-3y+z}{18-36+20}=\frac{6}{2}=3\Rightarrow x=27;y=36;z=60\)

b, \(\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{3y}{4}=\frac{4z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}\)

Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau 

\(\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{x+y+z}{\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{49}{\frac{49}{12}}=12\)

\(\Rightarrow x=18;y=24;z=30\)

c, \(\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{y-2}{3}=\frac{z-4}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{2x-2}{4}=\frac{3y-6}{9}=\frac{z-4}{4}\)

Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau 

\(\frac{2x-2}{4}=\frac{3y-6}{9}=\frac{z-4}{4}=\frac{2x+3y-z-2-6+4}{4+9-4}=\frac{46}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{101}{9};y=\frac{52}{3};z=\frac{220}{9}\)

d, Đặt \(x=2k;y=3k;z=5k\Rightarrow xyz=810\Rightarrow30k^3=810\)

\(\Leftrightarrow k^3=27\Leftrightarrow k=3\)Với k = 3 thì \(x=6;y=9;z=15\)

Đặt \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow x=2k,y=3k,z=5k\)

Ta có: 

\(xyz=810\\ \Rightarrow2k.3k.5k=810\\ \Rightarrow30k^3=810\\ \Rightarrow k^3=810:30\\ \Rightarrow k^3=27\\ \Rightarrow k=3\)

Vậy:

x = 2k = 2.3 = 6

y = 3k = 3.3 = 9

z = 5k = 5.3 = 15

B1 :

\(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{xy}{3\times6}=\frac{162}{18}=9\)

---> x = 3.9 = 27

---> y = 6.9 = 54

B2 :

\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}=\frac{xyz}{2\times3\times5}=\frac{-240}{30}=-8\)

---> x = -8.2 = -16

---> y = -8.3 = -24

---> z = -8.5 = -40

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