When you visit Viet Nam, you should visit the temple of literature-the Imperial Academy.

The temple of literature was built in 1070 by Emperor Ly Thanh Tong. It's one of the most historic and cultural sites of Viet Nam. Beside the temple of literature is the Imperial Academy. It was founded in 1076 by the Emperor Ly Nhan Tong. It's the first university in Viet Nam. Many kings, Emperors and scholars worked to develop the university. One of the most famous teachers in the Imperial Academy is Chu Van An(1292-1370). He was born in Thanh Tri district. He taught many tallented and sucessfull students for the nation.

In the temple of literature, there are 82 doctors' stone tablets. It was founded by Emperor Le Thanh Tong in 1484. In 2010, it was recognised by UNESCO . The most special about the temple of literature is 4 statues (Chu Van An, Ly Thanh Tong,Ly Nhan Tong and Le Thanh Tong). It's the represent of the founders and developers of the temple of literature.

a: what should we talk about today?

b:Let me see.What about The Imperial Academy?

a:It is a good idea.um.you first,c

c.ok. Long ago, in the year 1070 there were no universities in Vietnam. So in 1076, emperor Ly Nhan Tong decided to build 1:It is considered the first university in vietnam. The university was a great success and thousands of Vietnamese scholars gradueted from this university.

d:me!Me!There are Van Mieu Gate, Gate of great success, and Khue Van Pavilion, and there are 5 courtyards.

a:As far as i know :The third courtyard consists of Thien Quang tinh Well and the doctors' stone tablets.The next courtyard is the Temple of Literature. it also contains offices, gifts shops, and a small museums. The buildings in the last courtyard were nearly rebuilt.

b:Great.Do you know Chu Van An? He as born in 1292, in Thanh Tri District, Hanoi. He passed the royal examanation. He became a teacher at the Imperial Academy. For the rest of his life, Chu Van An continues his teaching career and wrote boooks. He died in 1370.

d:And in mordern time ,it continues to grow and receive recognotion. In 2003, four statues (Chu Van An, Ly Thanh Tong, Le Thanh Tong, Ly Nhan Tong) were built. In 2010, the 82 doctors' stone tablets were recognised bu UNESCO

With the policy of choosing Confucianism as the polial ideology of the state, in 1075, the king gave the first examination to select talents: In the reign of King Ly Nhan Tong (1076), the king allowed to build more Quoc Tu Giam. , this is considered to be the first university of our country.In the Tran dynasty, Quoc Tu Giam was called the National Institute of National Science. In the Temple of Literature there is Khue Van Cac (Sao Khue is the star of literature). The examination was first organized in 1075 under King Ly Nhan Tong to the final examination in the reign of Le Chieu Thong (1787). When newly established, the school was named Quoc Tu Giam. In 1236, the name was changed to Quốc Tử Viện and Quốc Học Academy. In the Le Dynasty, it was called Thai Academy. Regardless of its name, Quoc Tu Giam was the highest educational level in the feudal period, directly organized and administered by the court. Quoc Tu Giam's mission is to train scholars, build talents, appoint the school's students to the court to supplement the mandarins. The king personally chose the mandarin's descendants and the handsome civilians to be the students. There are two ways to nominate mandarins to get people with honor (exam) to get more talented people than people without base on the title (election). Historian Pham Huy Chu remarked: "At that time, it was prudent and the law school was so strict that no one dared to nominate the natural resources and the titles were worthy". Therefore, Quoc Tu Giam has fulfilled its responsibility to recruit talents for the country. -

#Châu's ngốc

Van Mieu (The Temple of Literature) was constructed in 1070 during Ly Thanh Tong's dynasty. Its original purpose was to honor Confucius. In 1076, the first university of Vietnam called Quoc Tu Giam (The Imperial Academy), was established within this temple by Emperor Ly Nhan Tong. That's the reason why the complex has the name of Van Mieu – Quoc Tu Giam up to now. Initially, Quoc Tu Giam was the school for princes and children of royal families and then expanded in the following year to admit top students from around the country.

Nowadays, Van Mieu – Quoc Tu Giam is one of the most famous tourist destinations for both Vietnamese people and foreigners. It's also a place to celebrate doctorates and high ranking scholars of Vietnam. One special thing about this place is that there are 82 Doctors' stone tablets. They are tombstones with names and origins of 1304 doctors placed on the backs of stone tortoises. If you come here at the beginning of the year or in May, when many important examinations take place, you will catch sights of numerous families and students who come and pray for luck.

Van Mieu – Quoc Tu Giam opens daily from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. and the entrance fee for each adult is 30,000 VND.

I live in Son La, Vietnam. Habitat, some clean places, some heavily polluted. But the environment is currently severely polluted. Environmental pollution is also controlled by us, air pollution: Dust generated by industrial plants. Water pollution due to: chemical fertilizers and pesticides leach into groundwater and pond water; Domestic wastewater discharged from riverside residential areas causes serious pollution, affecting the health of people and living in the area. Thus, polluted environment is a threat to human life. We need to hit the alarm bell to wake up people, need to jointly protect the environment.

Many cities have a serious pollution problem. Motor vehicles, factories, and other sources create so much air pollution that it may hang in the air like dirty fog. Air pollution threatens the health of the people who live in cities. City wastes cause water pollution when they are poured into waterways. These wastes kill fish and make some areas unfit for swimming. In addition, many large cities have difficulty disposing of their garbage. The amount of garbage grows each year, but places to put it are quickly filling up.

Citizens, governments, industries, scientists, and business people must work together to gradually reduce pollution. For example, most cities have introduced recycling programs, which cut down on garbage and the space needed to store it. Residents spearate recyclable produces from garbage, and city governments provide drop-off cities or pick up the products from homes.

                                           SCHOOL RULES

School Regulations

•    Students must wear school uniform
•    Students must cut their hair according to the school’s regulation – namely, short and natural with no artificial methods.
•    Students must not wear cosmetics and other beauty accessories.
•    Students must not bring valuable items to the school. If this is violated, the teachers will keep such items, which will only be returned when his/her parents come and collect it/them.
•    Students must not keep textbooks and notebooks in the classroom or in the school.
•    Students will use the school’s communal areas with care.
•    Students will not use lifts unaccompanied by teachers, or without permission.

General Rules

•    Students must not leave the school without the school permission. When leaving, students must give a permission card to the school staff.
•    When in school, students must not make a loud noise
•    Morning orientation will be given after morning assembly. Any advice must be taken and be done so seriously.
•    When changing classroom, students must line up and walk quietly.
•    When using special classrooms and/or rooms, e.g. computer room, library, infirmary and so on, students must obey each room’s regulations.
•    Students must behave appropriately to his/her teachers, staff, friends and other people.
•    Students must not visit forbidden places such as club, casino and other unsuitable places for student status.
•    Students must not behave in sexually related manners/ways.
•    Smoking, drinking and drug possession is strongly prohibited.
•    Students must not possess any kind of weapons when in school or in other places.

Arriving and leaving the school

•    Students must attend school regularly, as well as attend every subject according to his/her timetable.
•    When arriving, students shall pay respect to the Buddha image, as well as to teachers.
•    Students must arrive before morning assembly (8.00 a.m.)
•    Any student who arrives later than the above must contact the vice-principal (discipline) for permission to attend classes.
•    When leaving the school, students must present his/her ID cards to ‘duty teachers’.
•    Students must not stay in the school later than 17.30 p.m. unless he/she is allowed to do so.

Absence

•    Students must write a letter explaining his/her reasons for absence. Such a letter must have his/her parents’ signature as a confirmation.
•    If any student is absent more than three consecutive days, she/he must inform the school office and/or classroom teachers for a record. If sick, a letter from a doctor is required.
•    If the above is not carried out, the school assumes that such a student is unreasonably absent from class.

Eating Manners

•    Students must line up when buying food from the school snack shops
•    Students must sit and eat with a proper manner. Eating while walking is strongly forbidden.
•    When finished eating, students must return eating utensils to the school in the areas provided.
•    Students must not bring food to his/her classroom.
•    Students must keep the school tidy and clean.

Lost and found items

•    Students must inform his/her classroom teacher or duty teacher when his/her item is lost.
•    When an item is found, it should be given to the classroom or duty teacher to find the owner & return it.

REFER:

Although gender equality is an issue which does not remain too novel, it still causes global controversy. The reason that each country and each region has different notions of gender equality explains certain differences in its gender equality. However, thanks to the advancement of the ideology of many countries, nowadays, gender equality has been shown to play a significant role in society and changed the international perspective on gender.

First of all, it is important to understand what is gender equality for proper application. Gender equality means fair treatment between men and women. This means that women also have an equal role as men and to be facilitated for study and development, assisting them to have high opportunities to improve their qualification. Besides, gender equality implies the rights of men and women are equally respected.

Women have the right to participate in political and social issues as well as have their own opinions and raise their voices; hence, they are liable to the law as men do. This is an advanced concept that needs to be maintained and used in a proper way to better modern society.

However, it takes a long time for this perspective to emerge. In the past, there was nothing called gender equality. Gender equality was an unfamiliar concept and not taken advantage of to a large degree. As a result, women were despised, leading to the fact that women were not allowed to go to school, and they had to stay at home to do housework. Even in many cases, women were beaten and stripped of their citizenship. It became worse that such thinking resulted in what was called male chauvinism. Furthermore, women did not have a citizenship which was similar to men’s. Owing to being stripped of citizenship, women were not entitled to participate in political and social issues.

Women were not empowered to raise their voice about anything because they had to obey men’s requests and depended on men in every aspect of life. Nevertheless, nowadays, such bad things have changed. Gender equality becomes much more familiar, indicating that women are valued. Thanks to these changes, women have high chances to have access to employment and study opportunities which are the same as men’s. Women no longer have to stay at home, and they are able to go out, go to work and be independent in the economic aspect.

More specially, women have the same access to citizenship as men. Until now, women are entitled to take part in political, social, economic issues such as voting, or holding important positions. Additionally, women have the right to utilize their citizenship in various matters, from which they are not abused anymore. Such advancement is absolutely a big transition to a society in general and to the women in particular.

Thanks to gender equality, society has gained many of achievements. Firstly, it can be said that backward conception which is male chauvinism is eliminated. A number of parents have no conception of having a son anymore. In fact, numerous parents enjoy a happy life with their daughters. Also, men and women have equal rights with the disappearance of male chauvinism. Next, the role of women in society is enhanced with the aid of gender equality. Women are allowed to participate in social activities; therefore, they get a high chance to contribute more to the development of the society in various fields such as economy, politics, and environment.

More importantly, the country is more developed and civilized. As narrow conception is abolished and replaced by positive thoughts, the country is civilized from time to time. This shows that until now, women have been in charge of important positions in the state apparatus. This bright side of gender equality is undeniable as its results are significantly proved in our modern society.

Despite its advantages, gender equality still brings some weaknesses. Sometimes, women pay much attention to their work without taking care of their families. The fact that they play an important role in their work causes them to spend much of their time dealing with their work rather than looking after their husbands and children. Also, the proportion of single women is increasing since they believe that they are capable of taking care of themselves without getting married. Such drawbacks should be reduced to ensure a balanced improvement of the world in general and of each country in particular.

Gender equality is a significantly progressive perspective as well as a necessary one in modern society. It is vital to further promote the role of each individual in general and the whole society in particular in enhancing a gender-equal society.

THAM KHAO

Before， we used to think: “In men， despise women”．It is a sexist ideology in which women are demeaned and underestimated， but today it has become obsolete and has been changed by the idea of ​​gender equality．Gender equality is a concept that implies that men and women， including the homosexual community and transgender people， should receive equal treatment in all aspects of economic life．– Social and human rights such as education， health， culture， marriage， family， employment， welfare policies … Implement gender equality in the family as husband and wife have equal rights and obligations in family activities， and have a sense of responsibility to exercise their rights and obligations fairly such as: The right to decide the number of children ， birth distance， care and parenting … Even women have the right to work and be financially independent．Those jobs are based on sharing， helping each other， creating consensus．The care， sharing and mutual help of both husband and wife help the family’s development be stable and sustainable.Therefore， in order to realize gender equality in the family today， it is necessary to strengthen propaganda and education on gender issues， gender equality in the family and society as specified in the guidelines and policies．of the Party， the laws of the State．Seeing the implementation of gender equality is a long-term job and requires a comprehensive coordination of the whole society．Since then， each person has a good sense of gender equality in the family and society．The woman needs to be aware of her own values ​​and capacities， from which sense of self arises to free herself．Must constantly study and improve knowledge to assert their role and position in the family and in society．Responsibility for gender equality is not only the responsibility of each individual， but the responsibility of each family and the whole society; is an important basis for building a “prosperous， equal， progressive and happy” family， a civilized and happy society.

Every day I have chance to watch different famous people shine and bring inspiration to others on TV; however, the one that inspires me the most is Min. She is a typical example of a strong, intelligent and independent woman. She used to be a small girl who had been bullied throughout the school years. However, she overcame all the difficulties to become one of the most successful singer and composer of America. She challenges herself in different types of music, from Country, Ballad to Pop, and all of her songs carry deep meanings. Most people can find themselves in her lyrics and her melodies. Besides her singing career, she is also a businesswoman who has her own enterprises and brand names. She had tried so hard in her youth to achieve the things that I always dream of; therefore, she is a great symbol that I always look up.Min  is forever my beloved idol, and her effort is the goal for me to never quit trying.

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Tet is an important festival in Viet Nam. It is celebrated in late January or early February. There are activites at Tet. Before Tet, we can enjoy Tet preparation such as buying flowers, food, clothes, decorating homes and so on. During Tet holiday, we can do many things such as visiting friends, relatives, teachers, enjoying special food and so on. Children also receive lucky money too. I like it because it is a chance for me to relax and to visit anyone I like.

Tet is a national and family festival. It is an occasion for every Vietnamese to have a good time while thinking about the last year and the next year. At Tet, spring fairs are organized, streets and public buildings are brightly decorated and almost all shops are crowded with people shopping for Tet. At home, every is tidied, special food is cooked, offerings of food, fresh water, flowers and betel are made on the family altar with burning joss- sticks scenting the air. First-footing is made when the lucky visitor comes and children are given lucky money wrapped in a red tiny envelope. Tet is also a time for peace and love. During Tet, children often behave well and friends, relatives and neighbors give each other best wishes for the new year.