a,   B=x²+4xy+y²+x²-8x+16+2012

       B=(x+y) ²+(x-4)²+2012

 Vậy B >=2012 ( Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=4,y=-4)

b làm tương tự 

c,  9x²+6x+1+y²-4y+4+x²-4xz+4z²=0

     (3x+1)²+(y-4)²+(x-2z)²=0

    Vậy 3x+1=0 => x = -1/3

           y-4=0 => y=4

             x-2z=0  thế x=-1/3 ta được.      -1/3-2z=0 => z = -1/6

Bạn nhớ ghi lại đề minh không ghi đề 

a) \(B=2x^2+y^2+2xy-8x+2028\)

\(=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-8x+4^2\right)+2012=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-4\right)^2+2012\ge2012\)

\(MinB=2012\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=-4\end{cases}}\)

b)\(C=x^2+5y^2+4xy+2x+2y-7\)

\(=\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(2x+4y\right)+1+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)-9\)

\(=\left(\left(x+2y\right)^2+2\left(x+2y\right)+1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2-9=\left(x+2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2-9\ge9\)

\(MinC=-9\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y+1=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)

c)\(10x^2+y^2+4z^2+6x-4y-4xz+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+\left(x^2-4xz+4z^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+\left(x-2z\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3x+1=0\\y-2=0\\x-2z=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{3}\\y=2\\z=-\frac{1}{6}\end{cases}}\)

\(A=4x^2+8x+y^2-4y+20\)

\(A=\left(4x^2+8x\right)+\left(y^2-4y\right)+20\)

\(A=4\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-4-4+20\)

\(A=4\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+12\ge12\forall x,y\)

Do \(4\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)

Dấu "=" Xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy Min A=12 <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)x²+2xy+y²-16=(x+y)²-4²=(x+y+4)(x+y-4)

c)3x²+5x-3xy-5y=x(3x+5)-y(3x+5)=(3x+5)(x-y)

d)4x²-6x³y-2x²+8x=2x(2x-3x²y-x+4)

e)x²-4-2xy+y²=(x²-2xy+y²)-4=(x-y)²-2²=(x-y-2)(x-y+2)

k)x²-y²-z²-2yz=x²-(y+z)²=(x-y-z)(x+y+z)

m)6xy+5x-5y-3x²-3y²=3(x²-2xy+y²)+5(x-y)=3(x-y)²+5(x-y)=(x-y)(3x-3y+5)

b. (x^2+2xy+y^2)-16 =(x+y)^2-16=(x+y+4)(x+y-4)

........................ !

Khó hiểu quá

Phân tích thành nhân tử được (y−3)(2x−5)=33(y−3)(2x−5)=33

Xét các trường hợp ra rồi chọn các cặp nghiệm (x; y) = (3; 36); (4; 14); (8; 6); (19; 4).

Ta có : \(6x+5y+18=2xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2xy-6x-5y=18\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2xy-6x+15-5y=33\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(y-3\right)-5\left(y-3\right)=33\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y-3\right)\left(2x-5\right)=33=1.33=3.11=-1.\left(-33\right)=-33.\left(-1\right)=-3.\left(-11\right)=-11.\left(-3\right)\)

Xét các trường hợp sau:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}y-3=1\\2x-5=33\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=4\\x=19\end{cases}}}\);    \(\hept{\begin{cases}y-3=11\\2x-5=3\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y=14\\x=4\end{cases}}\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}y-3=33\\2x-5=1\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y=36\\x=3\end{cases}}\)   ; \(\hept{\begin{cases}y-3=3\\2x-5=11\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y=6\\x=8\end{cases}}\)

Bạn tự xét các trường hợp còn lại

Vậy............................

Ta có: \(6x+5y+18=2xy\)

\(2xy-6x-5y=18\)

\(2xy-6x-5y+15=18+15\)

\(2x\left(y-3\right)-5\left(y-3\right)=33\)

\(\left(2x-5\right)\left(y-3\right)=33=33.1=-1.\left(-33\right)=11.3=-11.\left(-3\right)\)

Ta có bảng sau:

Vậy \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(19;4\right);\left(3;36\right);\left(-14;2\right);\left(2;-30\right);\left(8;6\right);\left(4;14\right);\left(-3;0\right);\left(1;-8\right)\right\}\)

Đặt `A=2x^2+2xy+5y^2-8x-22y`

`<=>2A=4x^2+4xy+10y^2-16x-44y`

`<=>2A=4x^2+4xy+y^2-8(2x+y)+9y^2-28y`

`<=>2A=(2x+y)^2-8(2x+y)+16+9y^2-28y+196/9-196/9`

`<=>2A=(2x+y-4)^2+(3y-14/3)^2-196/9>=-196/9`

`<=>A>=-98/9`

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `y=14/9,x=(4-y)/2=11/9`