\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{2,12}{106}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddNa_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,02}{2}=0,01\left(M\right)\)

a) Ta có: \(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5,85}{58,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2\left(M\right)=\left[Na^+\right]=\left[Cl^-\right]\)

b) Ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{34,2}{171}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) 

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=0,4\left(M\right)\\\left[OH^-\right]=0,8\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,025\cdot2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,125+0,025}\approx0,33\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[H^+\right]=0,66\left(M\right)\\\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=0,33\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) 200ml=0,2(l)

Ta có: \(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\)

b) 1500ml=1,5(l)

\(C_{M_{Na_2CO_3}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,06}{1,5}=0,04\left(M\right)\)

\(a,m_{dd}=\dfrac{5}{12\%}=\dfrac{125}{3}\left(g\right)\\ b,m_{dd}=\dfrac{4}{7,3\%}=\dfrac{4000}{73}\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{NaOH}=0,5.40=20\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd}=\dfrac{20}{10\%}=200\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{\text{dd}}=\dfrac{5.100}{12}=41,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{\text{dd}}=\dfrac{4.100}{7,3}=\dfrac{4000}{73}\left(g\right)\\ m_{\text{dd}}=\dfrac{\left(0,5.40\right).100}{10}=200\left(g\right)\)

a) 

\(C\%_{dd.KOH}=\dfrac{7,5}{7,5+42,5}.100\%=15\%\)

b) \(n_{HNO_3}=\dfrac{1,26}{63}=0,02\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M\left(dd.HNO_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,016}=1,25M\)

Ta có: \(m_{dd}=300\cdot1,05=315\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{15,9}{315}\cdot100\%\approx5,05\%\)

Mặt khác: \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{15,9}{106}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2CO_3}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,3}=0,5\left(M\right)\)

$n_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,73}{36,5} = 0,02(mol)$

$HCl \to H^+ + Cl^-$
$[H^+] = [Cl^-] = C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,02}{2} = 0,01M$