Chia thì quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ tiếp diễn trong câu sau
Beethoven (write)............. nine symphonies. He (write)............ another symphony when he died
chia theo Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
fly =
cry =
see =
Chia thì quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ tiếp diễn thích hợp
1.The aeroplane (catch)....... fire just when it (take)........... off
2.The lights (go).... out when we(discuss)......the plans for the following morning
3.Proesor Ward (give)...... the lecture when the students' riots (begin)
Helpppp nhanh mình tick cho mình đang cần gấp
was/ were flying
was/were crying
was/were seeing
caught-was taking
went-were discussing
was giving-began
Chia thì quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ tiếp diễn thích hợp
1. Last Saturday, Tom wanted to make two salads. He (make)..................the first one in five minutes. He (make) the second one when his guests (arrive)............... and they (help)..............him to finish it
2. The artist Gaudi (design).......... several houses in Barcelona, Spain. Late he (start)......... work on a church. He (work)............ on the church when he (die)........
1.Last Saturday, Tom wanted to make two salads. He (make)made the first one in five minutes. He (make)was making the second one when his guests (arrive)arrived and they (help)helped him to finish it.
2. The artist Gaudi (design)designed several houses in Barcelona, Spain. Late he (start)started work on a church. He (work)was working on the church when he (die)died.
Good luck to you!
1. Last Saturday, Tom wanted to make two salads. He made the first one in five minutes. He was making the second one when his guests arived and they helped him to finish it
2. The artist Gaudi designed several houses in Barcelona, Spain. Late he started work on a church. He was working on the church when he died.
Exercise 4: Past Perfect Continuous or Past Simple? Chia
động từ ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn hoặc quá khứ
đơn. Chú ý thì của hai động từ trong một câu là khác nhau.
1. I (wait)____________________ for hours so I was really glad when the bus finally (arrive)____________________.
2. Why (be)____________________ the baby's face so dirty? He (eat)____________________ chocolate.
3. I (see)____________________ John yesterday, but he (run)____________________ so he was too tired to chat.
4. It (rain)____________________ and the pavement (be)____________________ covered with puddles.
5. When I (arrive)____________________ it was clear she (work)____________________. There were papers all over the floor and books everywhere.
6. They (study)____________________ all day so when we (meet)____________________ they were exhausted.
7. The boss (talk)____________________ to clients on Skype for hours so she (want)____________________ a break.
8. I (drink)____________________ coffee all morning. By lunchtime, I
(feel)____________________ really strange!
9. Lucy (hope)____________________ for a new car, so she was really pleased when she (get)____________________ one.
10. I (dream)____________________ about a holiday in Greece. I couldn't believe it when my husband (book)____________________ one as a surprise!
Exercise 4: Past Perfect Continuous or Past Simple? Chia
động từ ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn hoặc quá khứ
đơn. Chú ý thì của hai động từ trong một câu là khác nhau.
1. I (wait)________HAD BEEN WAITING____________ for hours so I was really glad when the bus finally (arrive)_____ARRIVED_______________.
2. Why (be)_________WAS___________ the baby's face so dirty? He (eat)___________ATE_________ chocolate.
3. I (see)_______SAW_____________ John yesterday, but he (run)________HAD BEEN RUNNING____________ so he was too tired to chat.
4. It (rain)_____HAD BEEN RAINING_______________ and the pavement (be)______WAS______________ covered with puddles.
5. When I (arrive)______ARRIVED______________ it was clear she (work)_______HAD BEEN WORKING_____________. There were papers all over the floor and books everywhere.
6. They (study)_______HAD BEEN STUDYING_____________ all day so when we (meet)________MET____________ they were exhausted.
7. The boss (talk)_______HAD BEEN TALKING_____________ to clients on Skype for hours so she (want)____WANTED________________ a break.
8. I (drink)__________HAD BEEN DRINKING__________ coffee all morning. By lunchtime, I
(feel)________FELT____________ really strange!
9. Lucy (hope)_____HOPED_______________ for a new car, so she was really pleased when she (get)_______GOT_____________ one.
10. I (dream)__________DREAMT__________ about a holiday in Greece. I couldn't believe it when my husband (book)_____BOOKED_______________ one as a surprise!
II. Chia động từ ở thì quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành
1. When he (wake up) ___________, his mother (already / prepare) ___________breakfast.
2. He (hear) ___________ the news, (go) ___________ to the telephone and (call) ___________ a
friend.
3. Before she (start) ___________ to learn English, she (already / learn) ___________ French.
4. Jane (already / type) ___________ ten pages when her computer (crash) ___________.
5. By the time he (arrive) ___________ at the pub, they (run) ___________ out of beer.
6. Before that day we (never / think) ___________ of going to Japan.
7. I (know) ___________ him for a long time before I (meet) ___________ his family.
8. They (not / know) ___________ where to meet because nobody (tell) ___________ them.
9. It (be) ___________ cloudy for days before it finally (begin) ___________ to rain.
10. Before he (sing) _________ a song he (play) _____________ the guitar.
11. After Eric (make) ____________ breakfast he (phone) ___________ his friend.
12. They (ride) ____________ their bikes before they (meet) ____________ their friends.
13. Susan (turn) __________ on the radio after she (wash) ____________ the dishes.
14. When she (arrive) ____________the match (already / start) _____________.
15. After the man (come) __________ home he (feed) ___________ the cat.
16. I (see, never).........................any of Picasso’s paintings before I (visit) ................. the art
museum.
17. Class (begin, already).......................by the time I (get)....................there, so I (take,
quietly).....................a seat in the back.
18. I almost missed my plane. All of the other passengers (board, already).........................by the
time I (get).....................there.
19. I (do) ................... my homework before I (go)................... to school yesterday.
20. After they (go) ..........................., I (sit) .................... down and (watch)..............TV.
1 woke up-had already prepared
2 heard-went-called
3 started-had already learnt
4. had alrady -crashed.
5. arrived-had
6. had never thougth .
7. had known -met
8 didn't know - had told
9.had been -began
10. sang-had played
11. had made-phoned
12. had riden- met
13. turned-had washed
14. arrived-had already started
15. had come-fed
16. had never seen-visited
17. had already began-got-qiuetly took
18.had already boarded-got
19.had done-went
20.had gone-sat-watched
1 woke up-had already prepared
2 heard-went-called
3 started-had already learnt
4. had alrady -crashed.
5. arrived-had
6. had never thougth .
7. had known -met
8 didn't know - had told
9.had been -began
10. sang-had played
11. had made-phoned
12. had riden- met
13. turned-had washed
14. arrived-had already started
15. had come-fed
16. had never seen-visited
17. had already began-got-qiuetly took
18.had already boarded-got
19.had done-went
20.had gone-sat-watched
2.2. Bài tập thì quá khứ hoàn thành nâng cao
Bài 1: Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành
1. After I ___________ the letter, I ____________ that I _________________
the wrong address on it. (POST, REALISE, WRITE)
2. John asked me where I __________________ the day before. (BE)
3. At this time yesterday, we ______________________ for 6 km. (ALREADY WALK)
4. When I ______________ through the streets of Madrid, I _______________ about the magnificent time I ________________ there as a student. (WALK, THINK, SPEND)
5. It was the first time that she __________________ me to dinner. (INVITE)
6. As soon as the maid ___________________ scrubbing the kitchen floor, she _____________
working in the garden. (FINISH, START)
7. We started to worry about Jimmy because we ________________ him all afternoon.
(CALL)
8. They ____________ their way out of town before the sun _______________.
(ALREADY MAKE, RISE)
9. We _______________ for two hours when we finally got to our hotel. (DRIVE)
10. When I ________________ home, I saw that the children _______________.
(ARRIVE, LEAVE)
Bài 2: Hoàn thành đoạn văn sau bằng cách chia động từ ở chỗ trống
Until a few years ago, no one 1.. …………. (hear) of Harry Potter, the young wizard and hero of the children’s book Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone. The writer, J K Rowling, 2. ……….. (already / write) several stories and books, but this was the first book that was published. She 3. ..…… (get) the idea for the story of a wizard at magic school while she 4. ………. (travel) on a train to London. By the time the train 5. ………… (reach) King’s Cross station, she 6. ……… (invent) most of the characters. When the book was published in 1997, no one 7. ……………… (imagine) it would be such a tremendous success, but it quickly 8…..(become) a bestseller. While millions of young readers in many countries 9. ……… (enjoy) her first Harry Potter book, J K Rowling 10. …………………… (think) of ideas for the next book in this incredibly popular series.
Bài 1: Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành
1. After I ______had post_____ the letter, I ____realised________ that I _______had written__________
the wrong address on it. (POST, REALISE, WRITE)
2. John asked me where I _____had been_____________ the day before. (BE)
3. At this time yesterday, we _______had already walked_______________ for 6 km. (ALREADY WALK)
4. When I ______was walking________ through the streets of Madrid, I _________thought______ about the magnificent time I ______had spent__________ there as a student. (WALK, THINK, SPEND)
5. It was the first time that she ________has invited__________ me to dinner. (INVITE)
6. As soon as the maid ______had finished_____________ scrubbing the kitchen floor, she _______started______
working in the garden. (FINISH, START)
7. We started to worry about Jimmy because we ________had called________ him all afternoon.
(CALL)
8. They ______had already made______ their way out of town before the sun ________rose_______.
(ALREADY MAKE, RISE)
9. We ________had driven_______ for two hours when we finally got to our hotel. (DRIVE)
10. When I ________arrived________ home, I saw that the children __________had left_____.
(ARRIVE, LEAVE)
Bài 2: Hoàn thành đoạn văn sau bằng cách chia động từ ở chỗ trống
Until a few years ago, no one 1.. ……heard……. (hear) of Harry Potter, the young wizard and hero of the children’s book Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone. The writer, J K Rowling, 2. ……had already written….. (already / write) several stories and books, but this was the first book that was published. She 3. ..…got… (get) the idea for the story of a wizard at magic school while she 4. ……was travelling…. (travel) on a train to London. By the time the train 5. ……reached…… (reach) King’s Cross station, she 6. ……had invented… (invent) most of the characters. When the book was published in 1997, no one 7. ………imagined……… (imagine) it would be such a tremendous success, but it quickly 8….became.(become) a bestseller. While millions of young readers in many countries 9. ……were enjoying… (enjoy) her first Harry Potter book, J K Rowling 10. ………thought…………… (think) of ideas for the next book in this incredibly popular series.
Exercise : Chia dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở thì quá khứ đơn và quá khứ tiếp diễn.
1. WhenI (arrive) at this house, he still(sleep)
2. Thelight (go)...........out whilewe(have)...............dinner.
3. Bill(have)...........breakfast whenI (stop)...........at this house thismorning.
4. WhenI (come)..............to his house, he (work)
5. Aswe(cross)............the street,we(see)..............an accident.
6. Tom (see)................a serious accident whilehe(stand)..................at the busstop.
7. Thechildren (play).................football when theirmother (come)................backhome.
8. Thebell (ring)............whileTom(take)..................a bath.
9. He(sit)..................in a car whenI(see).................him.
10. We(clean)...............the house whenshe(come)..............yesterday.
1. arrived / was still sleeping
2. went / were having
3. was having / stopped
4. came / was working
5. were crossing / saw
6. saw / was standing
7. were playing / came
8. rang / was taking
9. was sitting / saw
10. were cleaning / came
Tham khảo
1. When I (arrive) ..arrived ..at this house, he was still sleeping(sleep) .
2. The light (go) ..went ...out while we (have) were having dinner.
3. Bill (have) ..was having..breakfast when I (stop) ..stopped ..at this house this morning.
4. She (wash) was washing....up when Vinh (arrive) ..arrived..at this house.
5. As we (cross) .were crossing...the Street, we (see) ...saw ..an accident.
6. Tom (see) ..saw....a serious accident while he (stand)was standing at the bus stop.
7. The children (play) ..were playing...football when their mother (come) ...came ... back home.
8. The bell (ring)rang while Tom (take) was taking a bath.
9. He (sit)was sitting in a car when I (see)saw him.
10. We (clean) were cleaning the house when she (come) came yesterday.
Exercise 1: Past Simple or Past Continuous? Chia động từ ở thì quá
khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ tiếp diễn cho phù hợp
1. I (sit)____________________ in a cafe when you (call)____________________ .
2. When you (arrive)____________________ at the party, who (be)____________________ there?
3. Susie (watch)____________________ a film when she (hear)____________________ the noise.
4. Yesterday I (go)____________________ to the library, next I (have)____________________ a swim, later I (meet) Julie for coffee.
5. We (play)____________________ tennis when John (hurt)____________________ his ankle.
6. What (they/do)____________________ at 10pm last night - it was really noisy?
7. He (take)____________________ a shower when the telephone (ring)____________________.
8. He (be)____________________ in the shower when the telephone (ring)____________________.
9. When I (walk)____________________ into the room, everyone (work)____________________.
10. It (be)____________________ a day last September. The sun (shine)_____________ and the birds (sing)_________________ . I (walk)____________________ along the street when I (meet)____________________ an old friend.
11. He (live)____________________ in Russia when the Revolution (start)____________________.
12. When her train (get)____________________ to the station, we (wait) on the platform.
13. He (be)____________________ so annoying! He (always leave)____________________ his things everywhere.
14. On holiday we (visit)____________________ Rome, (see)____________________ the Vatican, and (spend)____________________ a few days at the beach.
15. Why (stand)____________________ on a chair when I (come)____________________ into the room?16. They (live)____________________ in Germany when they (be)__________ young.
17. At 7pm yesterday, we (listen)____________________ to music.
18. When I (leave)____________________ the house, it (snow)____________________.
19. He (work)____________________ in a bank when he (meet)____________________ his wife.
20. What (you/do)____________________ when I (call)____________________ you last night?
Tham khảp
1. I was sitting in a café when you called.
2. When you arrived at the party, who was there?
3. Susie was watching a film when she heard the noise.
4. Yesterday I went to the library, next I had a swim, later I met Julie for a coffee.
5. We were playing tennis when John hurt his ankle.
6. What were they doing at 10pm last night? It was really noisy.
7. He was taking a shower when the telephone rang.
8. He was in the shower when the telephone rang.
9. When I walked into the room, everyone was working.
10. . It was a day last September. The sun was shining, the birds were singing. I
was walking along the street when I met an old friend.
11. He was living in Russia when the Revolution started.
12. When her train got to the station, we were waiting on the platform.
13. He was so annoying! He was always leaving his things everywhere.
14. On holiday we visited Rome, saw the Vatican, and spent a few days at the
beach.
15. Why were you standing on a chair when I came into the room?
16. They lived in Germany when they were young.
17. At 7pm yesterday, we were listening to music.
18. When I left the house, it was snowing.
19. He was working in a bank when he met his wife.
20 What were you doing when I called you last night
Write the usage, form:
Các Thì Quá Khứ
Thì Quá Khứ ĐơnThì Quá Khứ Tiếp DiễnThì Quá Khứ Hoàn ThànhThì Quá Khứ Hoàn Thành Tiếp DiễnCác Thì Hiện Tại
Thì Hiện Tại ĐơnThì Hiện Tại Tiếp DiễnThì Hiện Tại Hoàn thànhThì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành Tiếp DiễnCác Thì Tương Lai
Thì Tương Lai ĐơnThì Tương Lai GầnThì Tương Lai Tiếp DiễnThì Tương Lai Hoàn ThànhThì Tương Lai Hoàn Thành Tiếp DiễnI. The present simple tense( Thì hiện tại đơn)
1. Form : S ( I / we / you / they) + V
S ( he / she / it) + Vs/es
S + Be( am / is / are)......
2. Usage:
- Thì HTĐG diễn tả một thói quen, một hành động xảy ra thường xuyên lặp di lặp lại ở hiện tại.
eg. I watch T.V every night.
- Thì HTĐG diễn tả một chân lý , một sự thật hiển nhiên.
eg. The sun rises in the East / Tom comes from America.
- Thì HTĐG được dùng khi ta nói về thời khóa biểu ( timetables), chương trình (programmes).........
eg. The train leaves the station at 8.15 a.m.
The film begins at 8 p.m.
- Thì HTĐG dùng sau những cụm từ chỉ thời gian : when, as soon as,.. và những cụm từ chỉ điều kiện : if, unless.
eg. When summer comes, I’ll go to the beach.
You won’t get good marks unless you work hard.
3. Adverbs:
Often= usually= frequently, always= constantly, sometimes =occasionally, seldom= rarely,
everyday/ week/ month.............
II. The present continuous tense( Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn )
1. Form : S + Be ( am / is / are) +V ing
2. Usage:
- Thì HTTD diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra và kéo dài một thời gian ở hiện tại( thường có các trạng
từ : now, right now, at the moment, at present.)
eg. The children are playing football now.
- Thì HTTD cũng thường được dùng theo sau câu đề nghị, mệnh lệnh.
eg. Be quiet! The baby is sleeping.
Note :Không dùng thì HTTD với các động từ chỉ nhận thức , tri giác như : to be, see, hear, understand, know, , want, glance, feel, think, smell, love, hate, realize, seem, remember, forget, belong to, believe.....( Với các động từ này ta thay bằng thì HTĐG.)eg. She wants to go for a walk at the moment.
SIMPLE PRESENT & PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Thì Simple Present được dùng để chỉ 1 hành động diễn ra trong 1 thời gian noí chung không nhất thiết phải là thời gian ở hiện tại Thời gian nói chung là thời gian ma sự việc diễn ra mỗi ngày (every day), mỗi tuần (every week), mỗi tháng (every month), mỗi năm (every year), mỗi mùa (every spring / summer / autumn / winter)…
- He goes to school every day.
- Mrs Brown travels every summer.
* Thì Present Continuous được dùng để chỉ 1 hành động đang xảy ra (a current activity) hay một sự việc chúng ta đang làm bây giờ (now/ at present/ at this moment), hôm nay (today), tuần này (this week), năm nay (this year)…
- We are learning English now.
- Mary is playing the piano at the moment.
Hãy so sánh : - I work in a bakery every day.
- I’m working in a bakery this week.
Chú ý :+ Thì Simple Present thường được dùng với các động từ chỉ tri giác (verbs of perception) như :feel,
see, hear… và các động từ chỉ trạng thái như: know, understand, mean, , prefer, love, hate, need, want, remember, recognize, believe…
+ Ngoài ra chúng ta còn dùng thì Simple Present với các động từ : be, appear, belong, have to…
+ Thì Simple Present còn được dùng với các trạng từ chỉ tần suất (adverbs of frequency) như : always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, generally, rarely, never…
- That child needs care.
- This book belongs to me.
- He never comes late.
+ Chúng ta cũng dùng thì Simple Present để chỉ 1 chân lí hay 1 sự thật hiển nhiên (a general truth).
- The sun rises in the east.
- Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom.
+ Thì Present Continuous còng được dùng để chỉ hành động ở 1 tương lai gần (a near future action)
Với các trạng từ chỉ tương lai như : tomorrow, next week, next month, next year, next summer…
III. The present perfect tense
1. Form : S + have / has + PII2. Usage :- Thì HTHT diễn tả hành động vừa mới xảy ra, vừa mới kết thúc, thường đi với trạng từ “just”
eg. We have just bought a new car.
- Thì HTHT diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu từ quá khứ , còn kéo dài đến hiện tại và có khả năng tiếp tục ở tương lai.
eg. You have studied English for five years.
- Thì HTHT diễn tả hành động xaỷ ra trong quá khứ mà không biết rõ thời gian.
eg. I have gone to Hanoi.
- Thì HTHT diễn tả hành động được lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần ở quá khứ.
eg. We have seen Titanic three times.
- Thì HTHT dùng sau những từ so sánh ở cấp cao nhất.( trong lời bình phẩm)
eg. It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen.
- Thì HTHT dùng với This is the first/ second time, it’s the first time.........
eg. This is the first time I’ve lost my way.
-Thì HTHT dùng với This morning/ This evening/ Today/ This week/ This term...... khi những thời gian này vẫn còn trong lúc nói.
eg. I haven’t seen Joana this morning . Have you seen her?
Note : - Gone to khác với Been to.eg. Marry has gone to Paris(đang ở hoặc đang trên đường đến Pari)
Marry has been to Paris(đã đến nhưng bây giờ không còn ở Pari)
Adverbs : - just, recently, lately :gần đây, vừa mới- ever :đã từng
- never :chưa bao giờ
- already :rồi
- yet: chưa (dùng trong câu phủ định và nghi vấn)
- since :từ khi( chỉ thời điểm mà hành động bắt đầu)
- for : khoảng(chỉ khoảng thời gian của hành động )
- so far =until now =up to now =up to the present : cho đến nay, cho đến tận bây giờ
Thì HTHTTD : S + have been + Ving. Sử dụng tương tự thì HTHT nhưng muốn nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động.
eg. You have been learning English for 5 years.
IV. The past simple tense
Form : S + V- ed (regular /irregular )Usage : _Thì QKĐG diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ, đã chấm dứt và biết rõ thời gian.eg. I went to the cinema last night.
Adverbs: -last : -yesterday - ago- Khi đổi sang dạng phủ định và nghi vấn nhớ đưa động từ chính về nguyên mẫu.
- Chú ý cách phát âm các động từ có tận cùng là ‘ed’
Động từ tận cùng bằng ‘ed’ được phát âm là /d/ khi theo sau các âm hữu thanh ( trừ âm /d/ )
Động từ tận cùng bằng ‘ed’ được phát âm là /t/ khi theo sau các âm vô thanh ( trừ âm /t/ )
Động từ tận cùng bằng ‘ed’ được phát âm là /id/ khi theo sau các âm /t, d/
So sánh PRESENT PERFECT Và SIMPLE PAST
+ Chú ý :
*Thì Present Perfect thường dùng với những cụm từ sau : up to now, up to the present, so far (cho tới nay), not … yet (vẫn chưa), for, since, ever (đã từng), never, several times (nhiều lần), just (vừa mới), recently (vừa xong), lately (mới nãy) ...
- Have you ever seen a tiger ?
- The train has not arrived yet.
- We have lived here for 6 years.
- The bell has just rung.
* Thì Simple Past thường dùng với những cụm từ sau: yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last month, last year, last summer, ago.
- We came here a month ago.
- He went to the cinema yesterday.
* Thì Simple Past dùng để kể lại một chuỗi hành động kế tiếp nhau trong quá khứ .
- He closed all the windows, locked the doors and then went out.
V. The past continuous tense :
1. Form : S + was/ were + V ing.
2. Usage : - Hành động đang xảy ra và kéo dài một thời gian ở quá khứ.
eg. Yesterday, Mr Nam was working in the garden all the afternoon.
- Hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.
eg. We were learning English at 9 a.m last Sunday.
- Hành động đang xảy ra( ở quá khứ ) thì có một hành động khác xen vào.(hđ đang xảy ra dùng thì QKTD , hđ xen vào dùng thì QKĐG )
eg. When I saw her yesterday, she was having breakfast.
- Hai hành động xảy ra song song cùng một lúc ở quá khứ.
eg. Last night, I was watching T.V while my sister was reading a book.
Note: không dùng thì này với các động từ chỉ nhận thức, tri giác( thay bằng QKĐG).
3. Adverbs:- at 4p.m yesterday - at this time last Sunday...........
SIMPLE PAST vs PAST CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Simple Past (quá khứ đơn) được dùng để diễn tả một hành động xẩy và và kết thúc trong quá khứ có đề cập thời gian .
- I met him in the street yesterday.
+ Thì Past Continuous (quá khứ tiếp diễn) diễn tả một hành động xẩy ra kéo dài trong quá khứ .
- I met him while he was crossing the street.
- She was going home when she saw an accident.
+ Thì Past Continuous diễn tả một hành động xẩy ra kéo dài trong quá khứ tại một thời điểm xác định hoặc hai hành động cùng diễn ra song song .
- My father was watching TV at 8 o’clock last night.
- I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV
VI. The past perfect tense ( Thì quá khứ hoàn thành )
1.Form : S + had + PII.
2. Usage :Diễn tả một hành động trong quá khứ xảy ra trước một thời gian cụ thể hoặc trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ.( Nếu trong câu có hai hành động quá khứ , hđ nào xảy ra trước ta dùng QKHT, hđ nào sau ta dùng QKĐG).
eg. They had live here before 1985.
After the children had finished their homework, they went to bed.
VII. The past perfect continuous tense ( Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn )
1.Form: S + had been + Ving
2. Usage : Diễn tả một hành động quỏ khứ đó xảy ra và kộo dài cho đến khi hành động quỏ khứ thứ hai xảy ra ( hđ thứ hai dựng QKĐG).Khoảng thời gian kộo dài thường được nờu rừ trong cõu.
eg. The boys had been playing football for 2 hours before I came
PAST PERFECT vs PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Past Perfect Continuous (quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn) dùng để nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của một hành động trước khi một hành động khác xẩy ra .
Hãy so sánh.
- She had been studying English before she came here for classes.
(hành động had been studying xẩy ra liên tục cho tới khi hành động came for classes xẩy ra ).
- She had studied English before she came for classes.
(hành động had studied chấm dứt trước hành động came for classes)
Hãy so sánh :
- It had been raining when I got up this morning. (mưa chấm dứt khi tôi thức dậy.)
- It was raining when I got up this morning. (mưa vẫn còn khi tôi thức dậy)
VIII. The simple future tense ( Thì tương lai đơn giản)
Form : S + will/ shall + V bare infi.Usage: - Dùng khi ta quyết định làm một điều gì đó vào lúc nói.eg. You will give your sentences now.
- Dùng để yêu cầu, đề nghị ai đó làm gì
eg. Will you shut the door.
- Dùng để đồng ý hoặc từ chối làm gì .
eg: A:I need some money.
B:Don’t worry .I’ll lend you some.
- Dùng để hứa hẹn làm điều gì
eg:I promise I’ll call you when I arrive
- Dùng shall I và shall we để đề nghị hoặc gợi ý.
eg. Where shall we go tonight?/ Shall we go to the cinema?
- Dùng I think I’ll...../ I don’t think I’ll......khi ta quyết làm / ko làm điều gì.
eg.I think I’ll stay at home tonight./ I don’t think I’ll go out tonight.
Adverbs : - someday :một ngày nào đó. - next week/ next month..........- tomorrow : - soon :chẳng bao lâu nữa.
IX. Near future (Thì tương lai gần )
Form: S + Be + Going to + V bare infi. (dự định sẽ )S + Be +V ing (sắp sửa )
2. Usage :- Diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai gần có dự định trước( thường trong câu không
có trạng từ chỉ thời gian )
eg. They are going to repaint the school .
-Diễn tả sự tiên đoán, sự kiện chắc chắn xảy ra ở tương lai vì có dấu hiệu hay chứng cứ ở hiện tại .
- eg. Tom’s a good student. He’s going to pass the final exam.
Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain.
X. The future continuous tense (Thì tương lai tiếp diễn)
1. Form: S + will / shall + Be + V ing.
2. Usage : - Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong tương lai .
eg. I will be watching T.V at 8p.m tonight.
- Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra ở tương lai thì có một hành động khác xảy ra.
eg. I’ll be cooking when my mother return this evening.
SIMPLE FUTURE & FUTURE CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Simple Future (tương lai đơn ) diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra (có hoặc không có thời gian xác định ở tương lai); còn thì Future Continuous (Tương lai tiếp diễn) diễn tả một hành động liên tục tại một điểm thời gian xác định trong tương lai.
- He will go to the stadium next Sunday.
- We will / shall have the final test.
Hãy so sánh:
- I will eat breakfast at 6 o’clock tomorrow. (Vào lúc 6 giờ sáng mai tôi sẽ thưởng thức bữa điểm tâm)
- I will be eating breakfast at 6 o’clock tomorrow. (Vào lúc 6 giờ sáng mai tôi sẽ đang dùng bữa điểm tâm)
+ Trong các mệnh đề trạng từ chỉ thời gian hay mệnh đề điều kiện thì hiện tại đơn được dùng để thay thế cho thì hiện tại đơn.
- I shall not go until I see him.
- If he comes tomorrow, he will do it.
+ Chú ý: Will còn được dùng cho tất cả các ngôi.
XI. The future perfect tense (Thì tương lai hoàn thành )
Form : S + will + have +PII.Usage :- Diễn tả một hành động sẽ hoàn tất vào một thời điểm cho trước ở tương lai.
- Thường dùng các cụm từ chỉ thời gian như : By (+mốc thời gian ), By the time , By then.
eg. We’ll have finished our lesson by 11 o’clock.
When you come back, I’ll have had lunch.
XII. The future perfect continuous tense (Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn)
Form: S + will + have been + Ving .Usage : - Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu từ quá khứ và kéo dài đến một thời điểm cho trước ở tương lai. Thường dùng các cụm từ chỉ thời gian như :By...........for(+ khoảng thời gian), By the time , By then.
eg. By May, they’ll have been living in this house for 15 years.
SO SANH THÌ FUTURE PERFECT VÀ THÌ FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Tương lai hoàn thánh được dùng để chỉ một hành động sẽ hoàn thành trước một hành động khác trong tương lai hay một điểm thời gian ở tương lai.
- The taxi will have arrived by the time you finish dressing.
- By next Christmas, he will have lived in Dalat for 5 years.
+ Để nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động, chúng ta dùng thì Tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn.
- By the time you receive this letter, we shall have been travelling through Russia.
- By next June, they will have been working in this factory for 12 years.
1. Cấu trúc thì quá khứ tiếp diễn:
Câu khẳng định | I/He/She/It was writing | You/We/They were writing |
Câu phủ định | I/He/She/It wasn’t writing | You/We/They weren’t writing |
Câu nghi vấn | Was I/He/She/It writing? | Were You/We/They writing? |
Câu trả lời Yes | Yes, I/He/She/It was | Yes, You/We/They were |
Câu trả lời No | No, I/He/She/It wasn’t | No, You/We/They weren’t |
chia thì ở hiện tại hoàn thành ,quá khứ đơn hay hiện tại đơn
The writer is still a young man. He (write) ..............his last book in1991 ,but he (not/ write)..............anything since then
The writer is still a young man. He (write) wrote his last book in 1991, but he (not/write) didn't write any sice then