giup mk voi

\(n_{Al2O3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O|\)

          1             6              2            3

         0,1         0,6            0,1 

a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.6}{1}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{21,9.100}{10}=219\left(g\right)\)

b) \(n_{AlCl3}=\dfrac{0,6.2}{6}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{AlCl3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)

c) \(m_{ddspu}=10,2+219=229,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{AlCl3}=\dfrac{26,7.100}{229,2}=11,65\)⁰/₀ 

 Chúc bạn học tốt

nAl2O3=10.2:102=0.1(mol) 

PTHH:Al2O3+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2O

theo pthh:nHCl:nAl2O3=6->nHCl=6*0.1=0.6(mol)

mHCl=0.6*36.5=21.9(g)

mdd HCl=21.9*100:14.6=150(g)

theo pthh:nAlCl3:nAl2O3=2->nAlCl3=0.1*2=0.2(mol)

mAlCl3=0.2*133.5=26.7(g)

mdd sau phản ứng:10.2+150=160.2

a)\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

             0,1          0,6           0,2         0,3         (mol)

\(m_{HCl}=n.M=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)

b)\(m_{AlCl_3}=n.M=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)

c)\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{C\%}.100\)=\(\dfrac{21,9}{10}.100\)=219(g)

theo định luật bảo toàn khối lượng

\(m_{Al_2O_3}+m_{ddHCl}=m_{ddAlCl_3}\)\(\Rightarrow m_{ddAlCl_3}=10,2+219\)=229,2(g)

\(C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{m_{AlCl_3}}{m_{ddAlCl_3}}.100\)=\(\dfrac{26,7}{229,2}.100\)=8,92%

PTHH: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)

a) Ta có: \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{2,5}{100}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,05mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot36,5}{18\%}\approx10,14\left(g\right)\)

b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaCl_2}=0,025\cdot111=2,775\left(g\right)\\m_{CO_2}=0,025\cdot44=1,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(saup/ứ\right)}=m_{Zn}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{CO_2}=11,54\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{2,775}{11,54}\cdot100\%\approx24,05\%\)

CaCO₃+2HCl→CaCl₂+CO₂↑ +H₂O

\(+n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{2,5}{100}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

\(+n_{HCl}=2n_{CaCO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(+m_{HCl}=0,05.98=4,9\left(gam\right)\)

\(+m_{dungdịchHCl}=\dfrac{4,9}{18}.100\%=27,2\left(gam\right)\)

\(+n_{CaCl}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

\(+m_{CaCl_2}=0,025.111=2,775\left(gam\right)\)

Theo ĐLBTKL ta có:

\(m_{CaCl_2}=2,5+27,2-0,025.44-0,025.18=28,15\left(gam\right)\)

C%=\(\dfrac{2,775}{28,15}.100\%\approx9,85\%\)

a) 

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl₂ + H₂

            0,2-->0,4----->0,2--->0,2

=> V_H2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

b) m_HCl = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6 (g)

=> \(m_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{7,3}=200\left(g\right)\)

c)

m_{dd sau pư} = 13 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 212,6 (g)

m_ZnCl2 = 0,2.136 = 27,2 (g)

=> \(C\%=\dfrac{27,2}{212,6}.100\%=12,8\%\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) 
           0,4       0,8        0,4           0,4
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ b,C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8.36,5}{150}.100\%=19,5\%\\ c,m_{\text{dd}}=26+150-\left(0,4.2\right)=175,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,4.136}{175,2}.100\%=31\%\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ 0,05.........0,1..........0,05..........0,05\left(mol\right)\\ a.C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{200}.100=1,825\%\\ b.m_{Zn}=0,05.65=3,25\left(g\right)\\ c.C\%_{ddZnCl_2}=\dfrac{136.0,05}{3,25+200-0,05.2}.100\approx3,347\%\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

0,15   0,3          0,15       0,15 

\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

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