a) Có x = 2020 => x + 1 = 2021. Thay 2021 = x + 1 vào A

\(A=x^6-\left(x+1\right)^5+\left(x+1\right)x^4-\left(x+1\right)x^3+\left(x+1\right)x^2-\left(x+1\right)x+x+1\)

\(A=x^6-x^6-x^5+x^5+x^4-x^4-x^3+x^3+x^2-x^2-x+x+1\)

\(A=1\)

b) Có x = -19 => x - 1 = -20 => - ( x - 1 ) = 20. Thay 20 = - ( x - 1) vào B

\(B=x^{10}-\left(x-1\right)x^9-\left(x-1\right)x^8-\left(x-1\right)x^7-...-\left(x-1\right)x^2-\left(x-1\right)x-x+1\)

\(B=x^{10}-x^{10}+x^9-x^9+...+x^2-x^2+x-x+1\)

\(B=1\)

Chúc bạn học tốt!!!

Lời giải:
\(A=x^{10}+20x^9+20x^8+...+20x^3+20x^2+20x\)

\(=x^{10}+21x^9+21x^8+....+21x^3+21x^2+21x-(x^9+x^8+...+x^3+x^2+x)\)

\(=x^{10}-x.x^9-x.x^8-...-x.x^3-x.x^3-x.x-(x^9+x^8+...+x^3+x^2+x)\)

\(=-(x^9+x^8+....+x^2)-(x^9+x^8+x^3+x^2+x)\)

\(=-2(x^2+x^3+...+x^9)-x\)

\(Ax=-2(x^3+x^4+...+x^{10})-x^2\)

\(Ax-A=-2(x^3+x^4+...+x^{10})-x^2+2(x^2+...+x^9)+x\)

\(A(x-1)=x^2+x-2x^{10}\)

\(A=\frac{x^2+x-2x^{10}}{x-1}=\frac{21^2-21-2.21^{10}}{-22}=\frac{21^{10}-210}{11}\)

\(F=x^{10}+20x^9+20x^8+...20x^2+20x=x^9\left(x+19\right)+x^8\left(x+19\right)+...+x^2\left(x+19\right)+x\left(x+19\right)+x=x^9\left(-19+19\right)+x^8\left(-19+19\right)+...+x^2\left(-19+19\right)+x\left(-19+19\right)-19=x^9.0+x^8.0+...+x.0-19=-19\)

\(B=x^6-20x^5-20x^4-20x^3-2x^2-20x+3\)

\(B=x^6-21x^5+x^5-21x^4+x^4-21x^3+x^3-21x^2+19x^2-20x+3\)

\(B=x^5\left(x-21\right)+x^4\left(x-21\right)+x^3\left(x-21\right)+x^2\left(x-21\right)+19x^2-20x+3\)

Do \(x=21\)    nên \(\left(x-21\right)\left(x^5+x^4+x^3+x^2\right)=0\)

=> \(B=19.21^2-20.21+3=7962\)

VẬY \(B=7962\)

\(D=4x^2-2x+3x\left(x-5\right)=4x^2-2x+3x^2-15x=7x^2-17x=7\left(-1\right)^2-17\left(-1\right)=24\)

\(E=x^{10}-2020x^9+2020x^8-2020x^7+...+2020x^2-2020x=x^9\left(x-2019\right)-x^8\left(x-2019\right)+x^7\left(x-2019\right)-...-x^2\left(x-2019\right)+x\left(x-2019\right)-x=x^9\left(2019-2019\right)-...+x\left(2019-2019\right)-2019=-2019\)

a) Vì\(x=99\Rightarrow x+1=100\)

Thay x+1=100 vào biểu thức A ta được :

\(A=x^5-\left(x+1\right)x^4+\left(x+1\right)x^3-\left(x+1\right)x^2+\left(x+1\right)x-9\)

\(=x^5-x^5-x^4+x^4+x^3-x^3-x^2+x^2+x+9\)

\(=x+9\)

\(=99+9\)

\(=108\)

b) Tương tự

\(A=x^5-100x^4+100x^3-100x^2+100x-9\)

\(\Rightarrow A=x^5-99x^4-x^4+99x^3+x^3-99x^2-x^2+99x+x-9\)

\(\Rightarrow A=x^4\left(x-99\right)-x^3\left(x-99\right)+x^2\left(x-99\right)+x\left(x-99\right)-9\)

\(\Rightarrow A=x^4\left(99-99\right)-x^3\left(99-99\right)+x^2\left(99-99\right)+x\left(99-99\right)-9\)

\(\Rightarrow A=x^4.0-x^3.0+x^2.0+x.0-9\)

\(\Rightarrow A=0-0+0+01-9=-9\)

Theo cách của Lê Tài Bảo Châu thì, câu b)

\(x=21\Rightarrow x-1=20\)

\(\Rightarrow B=x^6-20x^5-20x^4-20x^3-20x^2-20x+3\)

\(=x^6-\left(x-1\right)x^5-\left(x-1\right)x^4-\left(x-1\right)x^3-\left(x-1\right)x^2-\left(x-1\right)x+3\)

\(=x^6-x^6+x^5-x^5+x^4-x^4+x^3-x^3+x^2-x^2+x+3\)

= x + 3 = 21 + 3 = 24

Thay x = 20 vào biểu thức B ta có

\(B=x^6-x.x^5-x.x^4-x.x^3-x.x^2-x.x+3\)

    \(=x^6-x^6-x^5-x^4-x^3-x^2+3\)

    \(=-x^5-x^4-x^3-x^2+3\)

    \(=-x^2\left(x^3+x^2+x+1\right)+3\)

    \(=-20^2\left(20^3+20^2+20+1\right)+3\)

    \(=-400\left(8000+400+20+1\right)+3\)

     \(=-400.8421+3\)  

       \(=-3368397\)