1,

\(\frac{a}{1+\frac{b}{a}}+\frac{b}{1+\frac{c}{b}}+\frac{c}{1+\frac{a}{c}}=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2}=\frac{2}{2}=1\left(Q.E.D\right)\)

1) Áp dụng bunhiacopxki ta được \(\sqrt{\left(2a^2+b^2\right)\left(2a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(2a^2+bc\right)^2}=2a^2+bc\), tương tự với các mẫu ta được vế trái \(\le\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\le1< =>\)\(1-\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+1-\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+1-\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\le2< =>\)

\(\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge1\)<=> \(\frac{b^2c^2}{2a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{a^2c^2}{2b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{a^2b^2}{2c^2ab+a^2b^2}\ge1\)  (1) 

áp dụng (x² +y² +z²)(m²+n²+p²) \(\ge\left(xm+yn+zp\right)^2\)

(2a²bc +b²c² + 2b²ac+a²c² + 2c²ab+a²b²). VT\(\ge\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2\)   <=> (ab+bc+ca)². VT \(\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2< =>VT\ge1\)  ( vậy (1) đúng)

dấu '=' khi a=b=c

4b, \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+a^2}=1-\frac{ab^2}{a^2+b^2}+1-\frac{bc^2}{b^2+c^2}+1-\frac{ca^2}{a^2+c^2}\)

\(\ge3-\frac{ab^2}{2ab}-\frac{bc^2}{2bc}-\frac{ca^2}{2ac}=3-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)

4c, 

\(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}+\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}=a+b+c-\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}-\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}-\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}+3--\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}-\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}-\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}\)\(\ge6-2\cdot\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=3\)

hello nha

2k? vậy ạ

Áp dụng BĐT Bunyakovsky dạng cộng mẫu:

\(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{c}}\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}-2\right)^2}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)

\(=\frac{\left(-\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}=\frac{c}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)

Tương tự CM được: \(4\left[\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{c}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{c}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}}\right]\ge2\left(\frac{a}{\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\right)\) (1)

Lại có: \(VP\left(1\right)-\left(\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}+\frac{c+a}{\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}}\right)=...=0\) (biến đổi đồng nhất)

=> \(VT\left(1\right)\ge\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}+\frac{c+a}{\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c=\frac{4}{9}\)

3a) ta có \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}=a-\frac{ab}{a+b}>=a-\frac{ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}=a-\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}\)

vì \(a,b>0,a+b>=2\sqrt{ab}nên\frac{ab}{a+b}< =\frac{ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}\)

tương tự \(\frac{b^2}{b+c}=b-\frac{bc}{b+c}>=b-\frac{bc}{2\sqrt{bc}}=b-\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}\)

tương tự \(\frac{c^2}{c+a}=c-\frac{ca}{c+a}>=c-\frac{ca}{2\sqrt{ca}}=c-\frac{\sqrt{ca}}{2}\)

cộng từng vế BĐT ta được \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}>=a+b+c-\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{ca}}{2}=\frac{2a+2b+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}}{2}\left(1\right)\)

giả sử \(\frac{2a+2b+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}}{2}>=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)

<=> \(2a+2b+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}>=a+b+c\)

<=> \(a+b+c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}>=0\)

<=> \(2a+2b+2c-2\sqrt{ab}-2\sqrt{bc}-2\sqrt{ca}>=0\)

<=> \(\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2>=0\)

(đúng với mọi a,b,c >0) (2)

(1),(2)=> \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}>=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Bài 1: diendantoanhoc.net

Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\) BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành

\(\frac{x}{\sqrt{3zx+2yz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3xy+2xz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3yz+2xy}}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt{5}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{5x}\cdot\sqrt{3y+2z}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{5y}\cdot\sqrt{3z+2x}}\ge\frac{3}{5}\)

Theo BĐT AM-GM và Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}\ge2\)\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(\frac{x}{3x+2y+5z}\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x\left(3x+2y+5z\right)+y\left(5x+3y+2z\right)+z\left(2x+5y+3z\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+7\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

\(\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{5\left[x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]}=\frac{3}{5}\)

Bổ sung bài 1:

BĐT được chứng minh

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c

Ta có:

\(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2-\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=\frac{9-5}{2}=2\)

Suy ra  \(a+2=a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)\)

Tương tự, ta áp dụng với hai biến thực dương còn lại, thu được:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}b+2=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\\c+2=\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)\end{cases}}\)

Khi đó, ta nhân vế theo vế đối với ba đẳng thức trên, nhận thấy:   \(\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)=\left[\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)\right]^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\)  \(\sqrt{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)\)  (do  \(a,b,c>0\)  )

nên   \(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{a+2}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{b+2}+\frac{\sqrt{c}}{c+2}=\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)+\sqrt{c}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ca}+\sqrt{ca}\right)}{\sqrt{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(đpcm\)

\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\ge\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\right)\)

\(VT\ge\sqrt{2}.\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\ge\sqrt{2}.\frac{9}{2\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}=\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(1\right)\)

\(VP\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}.\frac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+6}{2}=\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)

Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Akai Haruma dạ giúp em bài này vs ạ ...!!!

@Akai Haruma