cái ps cuối cùng sai ùi

Gọi vế trái BPT là A.

Xét biểu thức tổng quát:

\(\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2+\left(n+1\right)^2+n^2}{\left[n\left(n+1\right)\right]^2}}\\ =\frac{\sqrt{n^2\left(n^2+2n+1\right)+n^2+2n+1+n^2}}{n\left(n+1\right)}\\ =\frac{\sqrt{n^4+2n^3+3n^2+2n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}\\ =\frac{\sqrt{\left(n^2+n+1\right)^2}}{n\left(n+1\right)}\\ =\frac{n^2+n+1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\\ =\frac{n\left(n+1\right)+n+1-n}{n\left(n+1\right)}\\ =1+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)

Suy ra:

\(A=1+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+1+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2018}\)

\(=\left(1+1+...+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2018}\right)\) (2018 số hạng 1)

\(=2018+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2018}< 2018\)

Vậy \(A< 2018\left(đpcm\right)\).

Chúc bạn học tốt nha.

Câu b đề sai nha, bây giờ đặt \(a=\sqrt{2017},b=\sqrt{2018}\)

Ta có ^{\(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{a}< a+b\Leftrightarrow ab\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{a}\right)< ab\left(a+b\right)\)}

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3< ab\left(a+b\right)\)(1)

Mà \(ab\left(a+b\right)\le\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)=a^3+b^3\)(2)

Từ (1), (2) => Sai

a) Ta có:

\(\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}=\frac{k+1-k}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}\right)\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}\)\(< \frac{2\sqrt{k+1}\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{\sqrt{k+1}\sqrt{k}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{k}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{k+1}}\)

Cho k=1,2,....,n rồi cộng từng vế ta có:

\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}< \left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}\right)+\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\)\(+\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{4}}\right)+....+\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)=2-\frac{2}{\sqrt{n-1}}< 2\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)\left(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\frac{\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2017}}{\left(\sqrt{2017}+\sqrt{2018}\right)\left(\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2017}\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{2-1}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{3-2}+\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{4-3}+...+\frac{\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2017}}{2018-2017}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{1}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{1}+\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{1}+...+\frac{\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2017}}{1}\)

\(=\sqrt{2}-1+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}+...+\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2017}=\sqrt{2018}-1\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2017}+\sqrt{2018}}\)

\(=-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}+...+\sqrt{2017}-\sqrt{2018}\)

\(=-\left(\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2018}\right)\)

Ta có : 

\(\frac{1}{1+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2017}+\sqrt{2018}}\)

\(=\)\(\sqrt{2}-1+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}+...+\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2017}\)

\(=\)\(\sqrt{2018}-1\)

Chúc bạn học tốt ~ 

\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+.........+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2017}+\sqrt{2018}}\)

\(=\frac{2-1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{3-2}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+........+\frac{2018-2017}{\sqrt{2017}+\sqrt{2018}}\)

\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{1}\right)}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+......+\)

\(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2017}\right)\left(\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2017}\right)}{\sqrt{2017}+\sqrt{2018}}\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}\right)+\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)+........+\left(\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2017}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+......+\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2017}\)

\(=-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2018}=\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{1}\)