a) \(\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{2}{9}}{\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{4}{5}-\dfrac{4}{9}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{9}\right)}{4\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{9}\right)}=\dfrac{2}{4}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) \(\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{3}{7}-\dfrac{3}{8}}{\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{5}{7}-\dfrac{5}{8}}+1\)
\(=\dfrac{3\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)}{5\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)}+1\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{5}+1=\dfrac{8}{5}\)
c) \(\dfrac{4+\dfrac{4}{73}-\dfrac{4}{115}}{5+\dfrac{5}{73}-\dfrac{5}{115}}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(1+\dfrac{1}{73}-\dfrac{1}{115}\right)}{5\left(1+\dfrac{1}{73}-\dfrac{1}{115}\right)}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)