Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có:
\(2P=\left(2a+2\right)\left(2b+1\right)\le\dfrac{\left(2a+2+2b+1\right)^2}{4}=\dfrac{\left[2\left(a+b\right)+3\right]^2}{4}=\dfrac{\left(2.2+3\right)^2}{4}=\dfrac{49}{4}\)\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{49}{8}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\2a+2=2b+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{3}{4}\\b=\dfrac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(MaxP=\dfrac{49}{8}\), đạt tại \(a=\dfrac{3}{4};b=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Ta có: \(P=\left(a+1\right)\left(2b+1\right)=2ab+a+2b+1=2ab+b+3=b\left(2a+1\right)+3\ge0.\left(2a+1\right)+3=3\)Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=2;b=0\)
Vậy \(MinP=3\), đạt tại \(a=2;b=0\)
