Giá trị nhỏ nhất:
\(A=x^2+4x+3=x^2+2.x.2+2^2-1=\left(x+2\right)^2-1\)
Vì \(\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\)
nên \(\left(x+2\right)^2-1\ge-1\)
Vậy \(Min_A=-1\)khi \(x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
\(B=3x^2-5x+2=3\left(x^2-\frac{5}{3}x+\frac{2}{3}\right)=3\left[x^2-2.x.\frac{5}{6}+\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)^2-\frac{1}{36}\right]=3\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2-\frac{1}{12}\)
Vì \(\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2\ge0\)
nên \(3\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2\ge0\)
do đó \(3\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2-\frac{1}{12}\ge-\frac{1}{12}\)
Vậy \(Min_B=-\frac{1}{12}\)khi \(x-\frac{5}{6}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{5}{6}\)
Giá trị lớn nhất:
\(C=2x-x^2=-\left(x^2-2x\right)=-\left(x^2-2.x+1-1\right)=-\left(x-1\right)^2+1\)
Vì \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\)
nên \(-\left(x-1\right)^2\le0\)
do đó \(-\left(x-1\right)^2+1\le1\)
Vậy \(Max_C=1\)khi \(x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(D=x-x^2+1=-\left(x^2-x+1\right)=-\left[x^2-2.x\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{3}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
nên \(-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\)
do đó \(-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{3}{4}\le-\frac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(Max_D=-\frac{3}{4}\)khi \(x-\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
