Bài 1.2
\(A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+7}{\sqrt{x}+2}=2+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
C1:Bạn dùng pp chặn như bài 2.2
C2: (Gợi ý)\(\sqrt{x}+2\ge2\) và \(\sqrt{x}+2\inƯ\left(3\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+2=3\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Vậy x=1 thì A nguyên
Bài 2.2
\(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+7}{\sqrt{x}+2}=1+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
Do \(\sqrt{x}\ge0;\forall x\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+2\ge2\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\le\dfrac{5}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow A\le\dfrac{7}{2}\) (1)
mà \(\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}>0;\forall x\Rightarrow A>1\) (2)
Từ (1) (2) \(\Rightarrow1< A\le\dfrac{7}{2}\) mà A nguyên
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}A=2\\A=3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}1+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}=2\\1+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+2=5\\\sqrt{x}+2=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=3\\\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=9\\x=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
Bài 3.2
\(A=\dfrac{-x-2\sqrt{x}-5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)\(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)-5}{\sqrt{x}+2}=-\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=2-\left(\sqrt{x}+2+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt cosi: \(\sqrt{x}+2+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\ge2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right).\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}}=2\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le2-2\sqrt{5}\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+2=\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\Leftrightarrow x=9-4\sqrt{5}\)
