a) PTHH: \(K_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2KOH\)
Ta có: \(n_{KOH}=2n_{K_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{35,25}{94}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,75}{0,75}=1\left(M\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KOH}=0,75\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,4}{22,4}=0,375\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Tạo muối trung hòa
PTHH: \(CO_2+2KOH\rightarrow K_2CO_3+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{K_2CO_3}=0,375\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{K_2CO_3}=0,375\cdot138=51,75\left(g\right)\)
c) PTHH: \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,375\cdot98}{60\%}=61,25\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{61,25}{1,5}\approx40,83\left(ml\right)\)
So mol cua kali oxit
nK2O = \(\dfrac{m_{K2O}}{M_{K2O}}=\dfrac{35,25}{94}=0,375\) (mol)
Pt : K2O + H2O \(\rightarrow\) 2KOH \(|\)
1 1 2
0,375
a) So mol cua dung dich kali hidroxit
nKOH = \(\dfrac{0,375.2}{1}=0,75\) (mol)
Nong do mol cua dung dich kali hidroxit
CMKOH = \(\dfrac{n}{v}=\dfrac{0,75}{0,75}=1\) (M)
b) So mol cua khi cacbon dioxit
nCO2 = \(\dfrac{V_{CO2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{8,4}{22,4}=0,375\) (mol)
Pt : CO2 + 2KOH \(\rightarrow\) K2CO3 + H2O\(|\)
1 2 1 1
0,375 0,75
Lap ti so so sanh : \(\dfrac{0,375}{1}=\dfrac{0,75}{2}\)
So mol cua muoi kali cacbonat
nK2CO3 = \(\dfrac{0,375.1}{1}=0,375\) (mol)
Khoi luong cua muoi kali cacbonat
mK2CO3 = nK2CO3 . MK2CO3
= 0,375 . 138
= 51,75 (g)
c) 2KOH + H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\) K2SO4 + 2H2O\(|\)
2 1 1 2
0,75
So mol cua axit sunfuric
nH2SO4 = \(\dfrac{0,75.1}{2}=0,375\) (mol)
Khoi luong cua axit sunfuric
mH2SO4 = nH2SO4 . MH2SO4
= 0,375 . 98
= 36,75 (g)
Khoi luong cua dung dich axit sunfuric C0/0H2SO4 = \(\dfrac{m_{ct}.100}{m_{dd}}\Rightarrow m_{dd}=\dfrac{m_{ct}.100}{C}=\dfrac{36,75.100}{60}=61,25\) 0/0
The tich cua dung dich axit sunfuric can dung
D = \(\dfrac{m}{V}\Rightarrow V=\dfrac{m}{D}=\dfrac{61,25}{1,5}=40,8\left(ml\right)\)
Chuc ban hoc tot