a) Để hàm xác định thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\\sqrt{x}-1\ne0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne1\end{cases}}\)
b) Ta có: \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(4-2\sqrt{3}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}+1}{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}+1}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}-2}\)
và \(f\left(a^2\right)=\frac{\sqrt{a^2}+1}{\sqrt{a^2}-1}=\frac{\left|a\right|+1}{\left|a\right|-1}\)(với \(a\ne\pm1\))
* Nếu \(a\ge0;a\ne1\)thì \(f\left(a^2\right)=\frac{a+1}{a-1}\)
* Nếu \(a< 0;a\ne-1\)thì \(f\left(a^2\right)=\frac{a-1}{a+1}\)
c) \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=1+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
Để f(x) nguyên thì \(\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)nguyên hay \(2⋮\sqrt{x}-1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
Mà \(\sqrt{x}-1\ge-1\)nên ta xét ba trường hợp:
+) \(\sqrt{x}-1=-1\Rightarrow x=0\left(tmđk\right)\)
+) \(\sqrt{x}-1=1\Rightarrow x=4\left(tmđk\right)\)
+) \(\sqrt{x}-1=2\Rightarrow x=9\left(tmđk\right)\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;4;9\right\}\)thì f(x) có giá trị nguyên
d) \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\); \(f\left(2x\right)=\frac{\sqrt{2x}+1}{\sqrt{2x}-1}\)
f(x) = f(2x) khi \(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{2x}+1}{\sqrt{2x}-1}\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2x}-1\right)=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{2x}+1\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}x+\sqrt{2x}-\sqrt{x}-1=\sqrt{2}x-\sqrt{2x}+\sqrt{x}-1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x}-\sqrt{x}=-\sqrt{2x}+\sqrt{x}\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2x}=2\sqrt{x}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x}=\sqrt{x}\Leftrightarrow x=0\)(tmđk)
Vậy x = 0 thì f(x) = f(2x)
