a) Gọi số mol Ca, CaCO3 là a, b (mol)
=> 40a + 100b = 19 (1)
\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{500.4,38}{100}=21,9\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: Ca + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + H2
a--->2a------->a----->a
CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
b------>2b------>b------>b
=> \(\overline{M}_Y=\dfrac{2a+44b}{a+b}=13,6.2=27,2\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> 25,2a = 16,8b (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,15 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\m_{CaCO_3}=0,15.100=15\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
mdd sau pư = 19 + 500 - 0,1.2 - 0,15.44 = 512,2 (g)
mHCl(dư) = 21,9 - 36,5(2a + 2b) = 3,65 (g)
mCaCl2 = 111(a + b) = 27,75 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{27,75}{512,2}.100\%=5,418\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65}{512,2}.100\%=0,713\%\end{matrix}\right.\)