a: \(\left(-256\right)\cdot45-256\cdot56+256\)
\(=256\left(-45-56+1\right)\)
\(=256\left(-100\right)=-25600\)
b: \(\left(-2\right)^3\cdot1975\cdot\left(-4\right)\cdot\left(-5\right)^3\cdot25\)
\(=\left(-8\right)\cdot\left(-125\right)\cdot\left(-4\right)\cdot25\cdot1975\)
\(=1000\cdot\left(-100\right)\cdot1975=-197500000\)
c: \(2076-1976\cdot65-1976\cdot35\)
\(=2076-1976\left(65+35\right)\)
\(=2076-1976\cdot100=2076-197600=-195524\)
d: \(-437-25\cdot78+25\cdot178\)
\(=-437+25\left(178-78\right)\)
\(=-437+2500=2063\)