A = x^2 + 5y^2 + 4xy - 2y - 3
= x^2 + 4xy + 4y^2 + y^2 - 2y + 1 - 4
= ( x + 2y )^2 + ( y - 1 )^2 - 4 >= -4
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi y = 1 ; x = -2
Vậy GTNN A là -4 khi x = -2 ; y = 1
Ta có: \(A=x^2+5y^2+4xy-2y-3\)
\(=\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)-4\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2-4\ge-4\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)