Question

Bài 1 :

Tìm chữ số tận cùng của số  A = 3ⁿ⁺² - 2ⁿ⁺² + 3ⁿ - 2ⁿ

Bài 2:

Chứng minh rằng : nếu (d+2c+4b) chia hết cho 8 thì abcd  chia hết cho 8 

Bài 3 : Cho C= 2+2² + 2³ +......+ 2⁹⁹ + 2¹⁰⁰

a) Chứng minh rằng C chia hết cho 31 

b) Tìm x để 2^2x - 2 = C

Answer 1

Bài 1 : Ta có : \(A=3^{n+2}-2^{n+2}+3^n-2^n\)

\(=\left(3^{n+2}+3^n\right)-\left(2^{n+2}+2^n\right)\)

\(=3^n\left(9+1\right)-2^n\left(4+1\right)\)

\(=3^n.10-2^n.5\)

\(=3^n.10-2^{n-1}.10\)

\(=10\left(3^n-2^{n-1}\right)\)

\(=\overline{......0}\)

\(\Rightarrow\)Chữ số tận cùng của \(A\)là \(0\)

Bài 3:

a)Ta có : \(C=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)

\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+\left(2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8\right)+...+\left(2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\)

\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+2^4\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+2^{96}\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\)

\(=31+2^4.31+...+2^{96}.31\)

\(=31\left(1+2^4+...+2^{96}\right)⋮31\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(đpcm\)

b) Ta có : \(C=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)

\(\Rightarrow2C=2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{100}+2^{101}\)

\(\Rightarrow2C-C=\left(2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{100}+2^{101}\right)-\left(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C=2^{101}-2\)

Mà \(2^{2x}-2=C\)

\(\Rightarrow2^{2x}-2=2^{101}-2\)

\(\Rightarrow2^{2x}=2^{101}\)

\(\Rightarrow2x=101\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{101}{2}\)

Vậy \(x=\frac{101}{2}\)

Answer 2

Bài 2:

Ta có : \(\overline{abcd}=1000a+100b+10c+d\)

\(=1000a+96b+8c+\left(d+2c+4b\right)\)

\(=8\left(125a+12b+c\right)+\left(d+2c+4b\right)\)

Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}d+2c+4b⋮8\\8\left(125a+12b+c\right)⋮8\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\overline{abcd}⋮8\)

\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)