The Sun, the Moon, the planets, and the stars all rise in the east and set in the west. And that's because Earth spins -- toward the east.
For a moment, let us ignore Earth's orbit around the Sun (as well as the Sun's and solar system's revolution around the center of the Galaxy, and even the Galaxy's journey through the universe). For the moment, let us just think about one motion - - Earth's spin (or rotation) on its axis.
Earth rotates or spins toward the east, and that's why the Sun, Moon, planets, and stars all rise in the east and make their way westward across the sky. Suppose you are facing east - the planet carries you eastward as it turns, so whatever lies beyond that eastern horizon eventually comes up over the horizon and you see it!
People at Earth's equator are moving at a speed of about 1,600 kilometers an hour -- about a thousand miles an hour -- thanks to Earth's rotation. That speed decreases as you go in either direction toward Earth's poles. In the state of Texas, you'd moving at about 1,400 kilometers an hour due to rotation. If you're in southern Canada, you're moving at only about a thousand kilometers an hour. Now think about what would happen if you stood exactly at the North Pole. You'd still be moving, but you'd be turning in a circle as Earth spins on its axis.
You may wonder why you don't feel this speed: it's because human beings have no 'speed organs' which can sense absolute speed. You can only tell how fast you are going relative to something else, and you can sense changes in velocity as you either speed up or slow down. But we cannot really tell whether or not we are just moving at a constant speed unless something else tips us off!
Previously, people thought the earth flat, round face to the sky. Morning people see clearly that the sun rises in the east, and dive into the west in the evening. The human eye can see the world and I know so well known saying that. In fact, the earth is spherical, rotating around its axis, so new phenomenon of day and night. Part of the earth toward the sun that day, part obscured the night.
As the earth rotates, the angle between the sun and the earth grows, so we had the feeling that the sun "rises" from low to high. Just because the earth rotates eastward, so we see the sun "rises" up from the east. Rather, we must say "the earth rotates eastward, toward the sun." But that is probably too wordy, so people still say "the sun rises in the east". Of course, scientists say that is wrong.
Good luck!
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In short, it is the earth that rotates and not the sun. The earth rotates from west to east, and then people standing on earth will see the sun rotates from east to west.
The position of the sun in our solar system is at the center. It neither rises nor sets. But because of the rotation of the earth around its axis, it seems to be rotating. Every 24 hours, the earth makes one complete turn. It faces the east. As the earth revolves, different points on the earth's surface pass through the sunlight. There is an animation on what this looks like every hour for about four hours. As your region turns facing the sun, as it enters the sun's light, it appears the sun rises in the east. When your region starts leaving the sun's light and enters darkness, it seems the sun sets in the west.
Each morning, the sun rises in the east, makes its slow journey across the sky, and then sets in the west. Then it continues a journey around the other side of the Earth, and rises again the next morning. This is how it looks from here on Earth, and that’s what ancient people thought was happening, but that view is totally wrong.
The truth is that the Earth is orbiting the Sun. It’s the Sun that’s motionless, and the Earth that’s moving around it. From our vantage point, it looks like the Sun is going around the Earth, because it’s actually the Earth that’s turning. The Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours, so that the Sun returns to the same position in the sky every day.
If you could look down on the Solar System and see all the planets, they would all be rotating in the same direction: counter clockwise, from west to east. Actually, there are two exceptions. Venus rotates backwards compared to the other planets. Astronomers think that it was stuck by a large asteroid millions of years ago that disturbed its original direction of rotation. Uranus has been knocked over so it looks like it rotates on its side, probably from a similar asteroid impact millions of years ago.
If you could fly out of the Earth and stare down at our planet’s north pole, you would see the world spinning beneath you in a counterclockwise direction. This means that if you’re standing on the Earth and looking at the Sun, it appears to be moving west in the sky. Of course, this is actually just your feet moving east as the planet rotates. As the day goes on, parts of the Earth which are to the west will get their chance to be in the sunlight, one after the other. This is why sunrise on the east coast of the United States happens 3 hours before regions on the west coast.
