a) x3 - 19x - 30 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)x3 + 5x2 + 6x - 5x2 - 25x - 30 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)(x - 5)(x2 + 5x + 6) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)(x - 5)(x2 + 2x + 3x + 6) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)(x - 5)(x + 2)(x + 3) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)x - 5 = 0 x = 5
hoặc x + 2 = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\) x = -2
hoặc x + 3 = 0 x = -3
Vậy x = { -3; -2; 5 }
b) x(x + 4)(x + 6)(x + 10) + 128 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)(x2 + 10x)(x2 + 10x + 24) + 128 = 0
Đặt x2 + 10x = y; ta có
y(y + 24) + 128 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)y2 + 24y + 144 - 16 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)(y + 12)2 - 16 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)(y + 12 - 4)(y + 12 + 4) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)(y + 8)(y + 16) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}y+8=0\\y+16=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}y=-8\\y=-16\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2+10x=-8\\x^2+10x=-16\end{cases}}\)
