a: \(\Leftrightarrow n-3\in\left\{-1;1;11\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{2;4;14\right\}\)
Lời giải:
a.
$3n+2\vdots n-3$
$3(n-3)+11\vdots n-3$
$\Rightarrow 11\vdots n-3$
$\Rightarrow n-3\in\left\{1; -1; 11; -11\right\}$
$\Rightarrow n\in\left\{4; 2; 14; -8\right\}$
Vì $n$ tự nhiên nên $n\in\left\{4;2;14\right\}$
b.
$n^2+7n+9\vdots n+7$
$n(n+7)+9\vdots n+7$
$\Rightarrow 9\vdots n+7$
$\Rightarrow n+7\in\left\{1; -1; 3; -3; 9; -9\right\}$
$\Rightarrow n\in\left\{-6; -8; -4; -10; 2; -16\right\}$
Vì $n$ tự nhiên nên $n=2$