Câu 1:
a) \(\dfrac{n-5}{n-3}\)
Để \(\dfrac{n-5}{n-3}\) là số nguyên thì \(n-5⋮n-3\)
\(n-5⋮n-3\)
\(\Rightarrow n-3-2⋮n-3\)
\(\Rightarrow2⋮n-3\)
\(\Rightarrow n-3\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
Ta có bảng giá trị:
| n-1 | -2 | -1 | 1 | 2 |
| n | -1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
Vậy \(n\in\left\{-1;0;2;3\right\}\)
b) \(\dfrac{2n+1}{n+1}\)
Để \(\dfrac{2n+1}{n+1}\) là số nguyên thì \(2n+1⋮n+1\)
\(2n+1⋮n+1\)
\(\Rightarrow2n+2-1⋮n+1\)
\(\Rightarrow1⋮n+1\)
\(\Rightarrow n-1\inƯ\left(1\right)=\left\{\pm1\right\}\)
Ta có bảng giá trị:
| n-1 | -1 | 1 |
| n | 0 | 2 |
Vậy \(n\in\left\{0;2\right\}\)
Câu 2:
a) \(\dfrac{n+7}{n+6}\)
Gọi \(ƯCLN\left(n+7;n+6\right)=d\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}n+7⋮d\\n+6⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(n+7\right)-\left(n+6\right)⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow1⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow d=1\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{n+7}{n+6}\) là p/s tối giản
b) \(\dfrac{3n+2}{n+1}\)
Gọi \(ƯCLN\left(3n+2;n+1\right)=d\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3n+2⋮d\\n+1⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3n+2⋮d\\3.\left(n+1\right)⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3n+2⋮d\\3n+3⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3n+3\right)-\left(3n+2\right)⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow1⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow d=1\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{3n+2}{n+1}\) là p/s tối giản
