Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
a.
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{x+y}{2+5}=\dfrac{-21}{7}=-3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2.\left(-3\right)=-6\\y=5.\left(-3\right)=-15\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(5x=3y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{x-y}{3-5}=\dfrac{10}{-2}=-5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3.\left(-5\right)=-15\\y=5.\left(-5\right)=-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
c.
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{2}=\dfrac{3x}{15}=\dfrac{-2y}{-4}=\dfrac{3x-2y}{15-4}=\dfrac{44}{11}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5.4=20\\y=2.4=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
d.
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{16}=\dfrac{3x}{9}=\dfrac{-y}{-16}=\dfrac{3x-y}{9-16}=\dfrac{35}{-7}=-5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3.\left(-5\right)=-15\\y=16.\left(-5\right)=-80\end{matrix}\right.\)
