Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 19 to 25.
Foot racing is a popular activity in the US. It is seen not only as a competitive sport but also as a way to exercise, to enjoy the camaraderie of like-minded people, and to donate money to a good cause. Though serious runners may spend months training to compete, other runners and walkers might not train at all. Those not competing to win might run in an effort to beat their own time or simply to enjoy the fun and exercise. People of all ages, from those of less than one year (who may be pushed in astrollers) to those in their eighties, enter into this sport. The races are held on city streets, on college campuses, through parks, and in suburban areas, and they are commonly 5 to 10 kilometers in length.
The largest footrace in the world is the 12-kilometer Bay to Breakers race that is held in San Francisco every spring. This race begins on the east side of the city near San Francisco Bay and ends on the west side at the Pacific Ocean. There may be 80.000 or more people running in this race through the streets and hills of San Francisco. In the front are the serious runners who compete to win and who might finish in as little as 35 minutes. Behind them are the thousands who take several hours to finish. In the back of the race are those who dress in costumes and come just for fun. One year there was a group of men who dressed like Elvis Presley, and another group consisted of firefighters who were tied together in a long line and who were carrying a fire hose. There was even a bridal party, in which the bride was dressed in a long white gown and the groom wore a tuxedo. The bride and groom threw flowers to bystanders, and they were actually married at some point along the route.
Which of following best describes the organization of this passage?
A. chronological order
B. specific to general
C. cause and result
D. statement and example
Đáp án D.
Key word: best describes, organization of this passage
Để làm câu hỏi nãy, chúng ta hay chú ý tới kết cấu của bài văn và các đoạn nhỏ.
Phân tích đáp án:
A. chronological order: Sai vì bài văn không đề cập đến năm hay có các dấu hiện của thời gian nhiều.
B. specific to general: Sai vì bài chỉ đơn thuần miêu tả chứ không phân tích sâu.
C. cause and result: Sai vì bài không có các diễn biến đặc biệt và không phải bài phân tích nguyên nhân kết quả.
D. statement and example: Đúng vì bài chỉ miêu tả về môn chạy đua ở nước Mỹ (Topic sentence).
MEMORIZE
- chronological (adj) = chrolologic (adj): theo thứ tự thời gian
- chronological order: trật tự thời gian
- chronology (n): sự sắp xếp theo niên đại; khoa nghiên cứu niên đại
- chronologist (n): nhà nghiên cứu niên đại